Basics Flashcards
What suggests an inflammatory arthritis?
Morning stiffness over 30 mins
Systemic symptoms e.g. fatigue, weight loss
Night pain
Acute/sub-acute onset
What suggests a non-inflammatory arthritis?
Pain worst at end of day
Longstanding
No systemic symptoms
No morning stiffness
What is in a musculoskeletal history?
Pain, swelling, stiffness Joints affected Acute or chronic Systemic involvement Affect on function FH history
What are the HLA-B27 associated conditions?
Psoriasis
Ankylosing spondylitis
IBD
Reactive arthritis
What is uniform swelling of a joint called?
Dactylitis
How should fractures be described on x-ray?
Patient details, penetration, view Site of fracture Type of fracture Simple or comminuted Displacement Angulation Bone consistency
What are the x-ray features of osteoarthritis?
Loss of joint space
Osteophytes
Subchondral cysts
Subchondral sclerosis
How does septic arthritis present?
Single, hot, red swollen joint
Emergency
Rapid referral to orthopaedics
How is septic arthritis managed?
IV flucloxacillin
Joint aspiration –> microscopy and culture
How does osteomyelitis present?
Single red, hot, swollen joint
Indolent and subacute
Follows a local infection
Common in diabetic ulcers
How is osteomyelitis managed?
MRI is gold standard
Often staph infection - flucloxacillin
How is ankylosing spondylitis managed?
NSAIDs + physio
Biologics
What should be in a rheumatoid systems review?
Psoriasis, colitis, uveitis Rash Dry eyes/mouth Mouth ulcers Raynaud's Hair loss Breathlessness, bowels, waterworks
