Basic Science

Question 1

what are the three bacterial shapes

Answer 1

coccus bacillus spirochaetes

Question 2

describe gram positive bacteria

Answer 2

purple thick layer of peptidoglycan exotoxin

Question 3

gram neg

Answer 3

pink 3 layers with thin layer of peptidoglycan endotoxin

Question 4

alpha haemolysis

Answer 4

Caused by enzymes that denature the haemoglobin inside red blood cells causing greenish discolouration round the colony.

Question 5

beta haemolysis

Answer 5

: Caused by enzymes that lyse (breakdown) red blood cells causing complete clearing round the colony (can be seen as either yellow or with clearing around the colony). The most pathogenic Streptococci are beta-haemolytic.

Question 6

gamma haemolysis

Answer 6

brownish in colour/ just colony of bacteria with no haemolysis

Question 7

what are the alpa haemolytic strep

Answer 7

strep pneumo

strep v

Question 8

what are the beta haemolytic strep

Answer 8

groap a (strep pyogeens) 
group b streo

Question 9

what are the gamma haemolutic strep

Answer 9

enterococcus

Question 10

coag pos staph

Answer 10

staph aureus

Question 11

coag neg staph

Answer 11

staph epi

Question 12

what is the main gram positive anaerobic organism you need to knlow about

Answer 12

clostridium

Question 13

what is the main bacteria in gas gangrene

Answer 13

clostridium perfringens

Question 14

diptheria is gram

Answer 14

positive

Question 15

bacillus cererus is gram

Answer 15

positive

Question 16

anthrax is gram

Answer 16

positive

Question 17

what are the two gram neg strict aerobes

Answer 17

legionella and pseudomonas

Question 18

what are the main gram neg cocci

Answer 18

Neisseria gonorrhoea and meningiditis

Question 19

what are the small gram neg bacilli

Answer 19

b pertussis

h influ

Question 20

what are the large gram neg bacilli

Answer 20

ecoli 
klebsiella 
proteus 
samlonella 
shigella 
ecoli 0157

Question 21

campylobator is gram

Answer 21

negative bacilli

Question 22

helicobactor is a gram

Answer 22

negative bacilli (spiral)

Question 23

gonorrhoea Is

Answer 23

gram neg cocci

Question 24

Neisseria meningitidis is

Answer 24

gram neg cocci

Question 25

b pertussis is

Answer 25

gram neg bacilli

Question 26

h influ is

Answer 26

gram neg bacilli

Question 27

e coli is

Answer 27

gram neg coliform

Question 28

klebsiella is

Answer 28

gram neg coliform

Question 29

proteus is

Answer 29

gram neg coliform

Question 30

salmonella is

Answer 30

gram neg coliform

Question 31

shigella is

Answer 31

gram neg coliform

Question 32

e coli 0157 is

Answer 32

gram neg coliform

Question 33

4 cs that cause c diff

Answer 33

co amoxiclav ciprofloxacin clindamycin cephlasporins (cephtriaxone)

Question 34

what abx act on the cell wall

Answer 34

penicillin cephalosporin glycopeptide

Question 35

name a cephalosporin

Answer 35

ceftriaxone

Question 36

name the glycopeptides

Answer 36

vancomycin teucoplanin

Question 37

what abx inhibit protein synthesis

Answer 37

macrolides tetracclines aminoglycosides

Question 38

name the macrolides

Answer 38

erythromycin clarithromycin azithromycin

Question 39

name the tetracyclines

Answer 39

doxycycline

Question 40

name the aminoglycosides

Answer 40

gentamicin

Question 41

name the Antibiotics that act on bacterial DNA

Answer 41

metronidazole trimethoprim fluroquinolones

Question 42

most common cause of food poisonng in the ul

Answer 42

campulobator

Question 43

what causes HUS

Answer 43

e coli

Question 44

causes of gastroenteritis

Answer 44

* L Listeria * E Escherichia coli * S Staphylococcus aureus * S Salmonella * G Giardia lamblia * E Entamoeba histolytica * R Rotavirus * M Mushrooms * S Shigella

Question 45

raw milk

Answer 45

campylobacter

Question 46

GBS

Answer 46

campylobacter

Question 47

bloody diarrhoea, haemorrhagic mucosa with ulcerations on distal colon

Answer 47

shigella

Question 48

Red macules on body on examination

Answer 48

salmonella

Question 49

undercooked hamburgers

Answer 49

e coli 0157

Question 50

metallic green stool culture | fragmented RBCs

Answer 50

e coli 0157