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Year 4 Infectious DIseases > Basic Science > Flashcards

Basic Science Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three bacterial shapes

A

coccus bacillus spirochaetes

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2
Q

describe gram positive bacteria

A

purple thick layer of peptidoglycan exotoxin

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3
Q

gram neg

A

pink 3 layers with thin layer of peptidoglycan endotoxin

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4
Q

alpha haemolysis

A

Caused by enzymes that denature the haemoglobin inside red blood cells causing greenish discolouration round the colony.

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5
Q

beta haemolysis

A

: Caused by enzymes that lyse (breakdown) red blood cells causing complete clearing round the colony (can be seen as either yellow or with clearing around the colony). The most pathogenic Streptococci are beta-haemolytic.

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6
Q

gamma haemolysis

A

brownish in colour/ just colony of bacteria with no haemolysis

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7
Q

what are the alpa haemolytic strep

A

strep pneumo

strep v

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8
Q

what are the beta haemolytic strep

A 
groap a (strep pyogeens) 
group b streo
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9
Q

what are the gamma haemolutic strep

A

enterococcus

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10
Q

coag pos staph

A

staph aureus

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11
Q

coag neg staph

A

staph epi

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12
Q

what is the main gram positive anaerobic organism you need to knlow about

A

clostridium

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13
Q

what is the main bacteria in gas gangrene

A

clostridium perfringens

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14
Q

diptheria is gram

A

positive

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15
Q

bacillus cererus is gram

A

positive

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16
Q

anthrax is gram

A

positive

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17
Q

what are the two gram neg strict aerobes

A

legionella and pseudomonas

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18
Q

what are the main gram neg cocci

A

Neisseria gonorrhoea and meningiditis

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19
Q

what are the small gram neg bacilli

A

b pertussis

h influ

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20
Q

what are the large gram neg bacilli

A 
ecoli 
klebsiella 
proteus 
samlonella 
shigella 
ecoli 0157
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21
Q

campylobator is gram

A

negative bacilli

22
Q

helicobactor is a gram

A

negative bacilli (spiral)

23
Q

gonorrhoea Is

A

gram neg cocci

24
Q

Neisseria meningitidis is

A

gram neg cocci

25
Q

b pertussis is

A

gram neg bacilli

26
Q

h influ is

A

gram neg bacilli

27
Q

e coli is

A

gram neg coliform

28
Q

klebsiella is

A

gram neg coliform

29
Q

proteus is

A

gram neg coliform

30
Q

salmonella is

A

gram neg coliform

31
Q

shigella is

A

gram neg coliform

32
Q

e coli 0157 is

A

gram neg coliform

33
Q

4 cs that cause c diff

A

co amoxiclav
ciprofloxacin clindamycin
cephlasporins (cephtriaxone)

34
Q

what abx act on the cell wall

A

penicillin
cephalosporin
glycopeptide

35
Q

name a cephalosporin

A

ceftriaxone

36
Q

name the glycopeptides

A

vancomycin teucoplanin

37
Q

what abx inhibit protein synthesis

A

macrolides tetracclines aminoglycosides

38
Q

name the macrolides

A

erythromycin clarithromycin azithromycin

39
Q

name the tetracyclines

A

doxycycline

40
Q

name the aminoglycosides

A

gentamicin

41
Q

name the Antibiotics that act on bacterial DNA

A

metronidazole
trimethoprim
fluroquinolones

42
Q

most common cause of food poisonng in the ul

A

campulobator

43
Q

what causes HUS

A

e coli

44
Q

causes of gastroenteritis

A
  • L Listeria
  • E Escherichia coli
  • S Staphylococcus aureus
  • S Salmonella
  • G Giardia lamblia
  • E Entamoeba histolytica
  • R Rotavirus
  • M Mushrooms
  • S Shigella
45
Q

raw milk

A

campylobacter

46
Q

GBS

A

campylobacter

47
Q

bloody diarrhoea, haemorrhagic mucosa with ulcerations on distal colon

A

shigella

48
Q

Red macules on body on examination

A

salmonella

49
Q

undercooked hamburgers

A

e coli 0157

50
Q

metallic green stool culture

fragmented RBCs

A

e coli 0157

Year 4 Infectious DIseases (11 decks)

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