Basic Properties of Soft Tissue

Question 1

Kinesiology

Answer 1

Study of human movements and motions

Question 2

Kinetics

Answer 2

The relationship of between the motion of bodies and its causes, namely forces and torques

Question 3

Kinematics

Answer 3

Study of motion of living bodies without consideration for cause

Question 4

Deformation

Answer 4

Describes a change in shape of tissues / objects under load

Question 5

Flow

Answer 5

The rate of deformation related to velocity gradients

Question 6

Strain

Answer 6

A measure of change of shape independent of rotation and corresponding to change of length (such as stretching)

Question 7

Green-Lagrangian Strain Tensors

Answer 7

For solid mechanics where measurements are taken before deformity

Question 8

Cauchy Strain

Answer 8

Used for deformation gradients smaller than 1% where the tensors are obtained infinitesimally

Question 9

Load

Answer 9

A force that acts on a body

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

Intensity of internal force or internal resistance of a body under load

Stress = F / A
Unit = Pa = N/m^2

Question 11

Elastic Zone

Answer 11

Zone where the material can return to its original shape when under stress. Its usually linear.

Question 12

Plastic Zone

Answer 12

Zone where material will not return to its original shape when under stress and deforms permanently. Follows after the elastic zone.

Question 13

Yield Point

Answer 13

Transition POINT between the elastic and plastic zone

Question 14

Ultimate/Tense Strength

Answer 14

Max stress a material can withstand before failing

Question 15

Breaking Point

Answer 15

Object dies

Question 16

Young’s Modulus of Elasticity

Answer 16

Stiffness, or the ability to RESIST deformation. Its the slope of the elastic zone. Higher E = Higher stiffy

Question 17

Toughness

Answer 17

Energy per volume a material can absorb before the breaking point. Its the area under the curve of a stress / strain graph at the breaking point.

Question 18

Hysteresis

Answer 18

The energy dissipated after loading and unloading. Think of a banana in a stress stretch graph.

Question 19

Creep

Answer 19

Strain response over time to step changes in stress

Question 20

Stress Relaxation

Answer 20

STRESS response over time to step changes in strain

Question 21

Preconditioning

Answer 21

Repeatable stress and strain curves after consecutive loading and unloading.