Basic pharmacology terms Flashcards
The movement of particles from the G.I. tract to body fluids
Absorption
Drugs that block a response
Antagonists
Process by which the drug becomes available to body fluids and body tissue
Distribution
Large initial dose given to achieve a rapid minimum effective concentration in the plasma
Loading dose
The highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time
Peak drug.level
The process of drug movement to achieve action
Pharmacokinetic
Drug concentration in plasma should be between the minimum effective concentration in the plasma and the minimum toxic concentration
Therapeutic range
Requires a carrier, an enzyme or protein to move the drug against a concentration gradient
Active absorption
(Subcategory of absorption) the percentage of a drug that reaches systemic circulation
Bioavailability
The length of time the drug has pharmacologic effect
Duration of action
The time it takes to reach the minimum effective concentration (MEC) after a drug is administered
Onset
The first phase of drug action
Pharmaceutics
The process by which cells carry a drug across the cell membrane by engulfing the particles
Pinocytosis
The lowest plasma concentration of a drug. The _______measures delete which drug is eliminated; levels are immediately before the next dose of the drug is given
Trough level
More severe than side effects, always undesirable
Adverse reactions
The breakdown of a tablet into smaller particles
Disintegration
The process in which a drug passes to the liver first
First-pass effect
Occurs mostly by diffusion
Passive absorption
The study of a drug concentration and its effects on the body
Pharmacodynamic phase
The portion of a drug that is bound is inactive because it is not available to the receptors
Protein-binding effect
Drugs that produce a response
Agonists
The dissolving of smaller particles in the G.I. fluid prior to absorption
Dissolution
The time it takes one-half of the drug concentration to be eliminated; a drug goes through several half-lives before 90% of the drug is eliminated
Half-life
The point at which a drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration
Peak action
The effect of a drug action that varies from a predicted drug response of genetic factors that influence or hereditary influence
Pharmacogenetics
Physiologic effects not related to desired drugs effects
Side effects
