basic organic Flashcards
What are the first ten members of the alkanes homologous series?
Methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane
Define general formula
The simplest algebraic formula for a member of a homologous series
Define structural formula
The minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
Define displayed formula
The relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them
Define skeletal formula
The simplest organic formula shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, just leaving a carbon ‘skeleton’ and associated functional groups
Define homologous series
A series of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by the addition of a CH2 group
Define functional group
A group of atoms responsible for the characteristic reactions of a compound
alkyl group formula
CnH2n+1
Define aliphatic
A compound containing carbon and hydrogen joining together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
Define alicyclic
An aliphatic compounds arranged in non-aromatic rings with or without side chains
Define aromatic
A compound containing a benzene ring
Saturated vs unsaturated?
Saturated: single c-c bonds only
Unsaturated: multiple c-c bonds (double/triple) or aromatic rings
What are structural isomers?
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula
