basic notes

Question 1

absorption or emission of electromagnetic radiation causes it to behave more like a stream of particles called photons

Answer 1

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Question 2

when energy is transferred to atoms electrons within the atoms may be promoted to higher energy levels

Answer 2

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Question 3

in emission spectroscopy, high temperatures are used to excite the electrons within atoms - as the electrons drop to lower energy level, photons are emitted

Answer 3

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Question 4

photons of light energy are absorbed by atoms when electrons move form a lower to higher energy level

Answer 4

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Question 5

atomic emission spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy are used to identify and quantify the elements present in a sample.

Answer 5

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Question 6

p orbitals have an l value of 1
there shape is a dumbbell (lobes either side)
the three p orbitals are degenerate
3 different orientations (ml -1,0,+1)

Answer 6

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Question 7

d orbitals have 5 different orientations (ml +2,+1,0,-1,-2)
all degenerate
shape is a clover

Answer 7

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Question 8

every atomic orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons and has its own shape, dictated by the quantum numbers.

Answer 8

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Question 9

state the equation linking the energy of a photon and its frequency

Answer 9

E=hf

Question 10

if its a mole of photons the equation is ?

Answer 10

E=Lhf

Question 11

define a bronsted-lowry acid

Answer 11

a substance that is able to donate a hydrogen ions to another substance ie a proton acceptor

Question 12

define bronzed lowry base

Answer 12

a substance that accepts hydrogen ions

ie a proton acceptor

Question 13

amphoteric - water is. meaning it can both accept and donate?

Answer 13

protons

Question 14

ph=log10h+ if acid is strong (hydrochloric, sulphuric, nitric acid)

Answer 14

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Question 15

for buffer solutions for the acid and salt bit need to find moles to put into the equation

Answer 15

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