Basic Liver Pathology Flashcards
What are the kinds of hepatic cyst?
Simple and Complex
Describe a simple hepatic cyst
anechoic, well defined borders, posterior enhancement
True or False: Simple hepatic cysts are congenital
True
True or False: Complex hepatic cysts are congenital
False; acquired
What are the three kinds of hepatic acquired cysts?
traumatic, parasitic, inflammatory
What is an example of a traumatic hepatic cyst?
hematoma
What is the most common kind of acquired hepatic cyst?
traumatic
What is an example of a parasitic hepatic cyst?
echinococcal
How does an echinococcal cyst appear sonographically?
honeycomb pattern
What is an example of an inflammatory hepatic cyst?
abcess
What is a common sonographic trait of an abcess?
ring of fire flow
Describe polycystic liver disease
multiple cysts scattered throughout the liver; causes liver enlargement
Describe Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Obstruction/stenosis of hepatic veins outflow tract
How does Budd-Chiari Syndrome appear sonographically?
Veins have hepatopetal flow instead of hepatofugal (reverse flow)
What is the sonographic appearance of congestive heart failure?
Dilated hepatic veins and IVC
Hemangioma is also known as?
Cavernous Hemangioma
What is the most common benign liver neoplasm?
hemangioma
How does a hemangioma appear sonographically?
echogenic; hyperechoic to parenchyma
True or False: Hemangiomas are more common in women
True
Why do hemangiomas not light up with color doppler?
highly vascular but blood flow is too slow to be picked up by color, or even power doppler
Hepatic adenomas are linked to?
oral contraceptives
Why are hepatic adenomas linked to oral contraceptives?
Hormone dependency
What are the sonographic characteristics of hepatic adenomas?
benign, solid, hypoechoic rim, blood flow around periphery (characteristics of adenoma)
What is the most common malignant neoplasm of the liver?
Hepatoma (Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
What is another name for a hepatoma?
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
True or False: Hepatoma is more common in women
False; men
Patients with _______ are more prone to hepatoma
cirrhosis
Describe portal vein thrombosis
blood clots in portal vein
How does portal vein thrombosis appear sonographically?
echogenicity inside portal veins; absence or diminished blood flow
True or False: The liver is a common site for metastasis
True
How do mets appear sonographically?
Bulls eye appearance
