Basic Joints

Question 1

Bursae

Answer 1

Membrane-bound sac filled with synovial fluid
Reduces friction, shock in joints
Can be communicating, noncommunicating

Question 2

What are cartilage joints?

Answer 2

Bones separated by cartilage

Permit more movement than fibrous joints

Question 3

What are the two types of cartilage joints?

Answer 3

Primary

Secondary

Question 4

Primary cartilage joints

Answer 4

Bones connected by hyaline cartilage

Disappear during development

Question 5

Secondary cartilage joints

Answer 5

Fibrocartilagenous joining of two bones

EG: Vertebrae in spine

Question 6

What are discs?

Answer 6

Fibnrocartilagenous structures
Fully divide a joint cavity
Receive blood, nerves in outer third

Question 7

What are fibrous tissue joints?

Answer 7

Joints separated by fibrous tissue

Permit little movement

Question 8

What are the types of fibrous tissue joints?

Answer 8

1) Suture
2) Syndesmosis
3) Gomphosis

Question 9

What is a suture?

Answer 9

Fibrous tissue joint

Between bones of the skull

Question 10

What is a syndesmosis?

Answer 10

Fibrous tissue joint
Contiguous bones joint by an interosseus membrane
Permits a small degree of movement

Question 11

What is a gomphosis?

Answer 11

Fibrous tissue joint

Bind teeth in bony socket

Question 12

Which kind of fibrous tissue joint is between the bones of the skull?

Answer 12

Suture

Question 13

Which kind of fibrous tissue joint binds two contiguous bones?

Answer 13

Syndesmosis

Question 14

Which kind of fibrous tissue joint anchors a tooth into bony socket?

Answer 14

Gomphosis

Question 15

What is a labrum?

Answer 15

Fibrous rim of cartilage surrounding a joint

Deepens the joint socket

Question 16

What are ligaments?

Answer 16

Fibrous structures
Join bones
INtrinsic ligaments reinforce joint capsules
Extrinsic ligaments separate from joint capsule

Question 17

Labrum

Answer 17

Fibrous rim of cartilage surrounding a joint

Nerve, blood supply to outer third

Question 18

What is the most common type of joint in the body?

Answer 18

Synovial

Question 19

Parts of synovial joint
1)
2)
3)
4)

Answer 19

1) Articular cartilage
2) Fibrous capsule
3) Synovial membrane
4) Synovial fluid

Question 20

Articular cartilage

Answer 20

In a synovial joint
Avascular, aneural
Survives by diffusion of nutrients from adjacent structures

Question 21

Fibrous capsule

Answer 21

Boundary of synovial joint
Often attaches to epiphysial plate 
Proprioceptive, nociceptive supply
Poor blood supply
Can have openings for tendons, muscles
Can have muscles attached to it

Question 22

Synovial membrane

Answer 22

Lines interior surface of fibrous capsule in synovial joint, except articular surfaces
Highly vascular
Secretes synovial fluid

Question 23

Haemarthrosis

Answer 23

Bleeding into joint

EG: Tear of synovial membrane

Question 24

Synovial fluid

Answer 24

Viscous, non-Newtonian fluid
Fills synovial joints
Reduces friction
Provides nutrients for cartilage
Articular surfaces don't tough - thin layer of synovial fluid between them

Question 25

Role of fat pads in synovial joints

Answer 25

Help spread synovial fluid

Question 26

Where are fat pads located in joints?

Answer 26

Intracasular

Extrasynovial

Question 27

Fat pads

Answer 27

Fill space in synovial joints
Help spread synovial fluid
Vascular, innervated - cause pain if pinched

Question 28

Types of ligament injury

Answer 28

I - Minimum disruption of fibers
II - Up to 50% disruption - clinical laxity
III - Complete break