Basic Integumental System Flashcards
Layers of skin
Epidermis - Stratum corneum - Stratum basalis Dermis - Papillar darmis - Reticular layer
Cell types of epidermis
Stratified squamous epithelial cells
Layers of epidermis
Stratum corneum
Stratum basalis
Stratum corneum
1)
2)
1) Outer layer of the epidermis
2) Dead, keratinised cells
Stratum basalis 1) 2) 3) 4)
1) Inner layer of the epidermis
2) Single cell thick
3) Contains melanocytes
4) Avascular, aneural
Layers of dermis
Papillar dermis
Reticular layer
Papillar dermis
Adheres to epidermis (stratum basalis)
Collagen, elastin fibers
reticular layer
Thicker collagen, elastin fibers than papillar dermis
Adheres to subcutaneous tissue
Features of dermis on flexor surfaces
More sensitive
Where is the dermis more sensitive?
On flexor surfaces
Where is the dermis thicker and tougher?
Extensor surfaces
Dermis
Lies deep to the epidermis
Highly vascular, innervated
Subcutaneous tissue
Subcutaneous fat
Fascia
What are skin creases?
Skin is bound down over a joint to prevent interference with movement
Features of thick skin 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6)
1) Greatly thickened epidermis
2) Reduced dermal thickness
3) Strongly bound to underlying layer of connective tissue
4) Many sudoriferous glands
5) No hair, pigment
6) Palmar, planter skin
Pilosebacious unit function
1)
2)
1) Secrete oil, waterproof skin
2) Hair growth
Pilosebacious unit features
1)
2)
3)
1) Hair follicle
2) Sebacious gland
3) Erector pili muscle
Sudoriferous glands
Sweat glands locked in the dermis
Where are sudoriferous glands absent?
1) Nail beds
2) Nipples
3) Ear drum
4) Lips
Odoriferous glands
Modified sudoriferous glands
Located in armpits, genitals, around anus
How do dermatomes migrate?
Migrate along preaxial border
Return along postaxial border
Where is there overlap between dermatomes?
Between adjacent dermatomes
Where is there never overlap between dermatomes?
Across axial border (midline)
How do the overlaps of nociception, thermoception and touch dermatomes differ?
Overlap for touch is smaller than for nociception and thermoception
If an entire dermatome is absent, what sensation is there?
Still nociceptive and thermoceptive sensation, from overlapping dermatomes
Where can herpesviridae reemerge as shingles?
In the same dermatome as they initially infected
What is an angiosome?
Area supplied by a single artery and returning vein
What is a lymphotome?
Area of skin drained by a particular lymph node
What is a lymph watershed area?
Where lymph can drain to one of two sets of lymph nodes
Lymph watershed areas
1)
2)
1) Cervical/axillary watershed
2) Inguinal/axillary watershed
