Basic Histology: Nervous Tissue Flashcards
Systems that use nervous tissue
central nervous system, peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system
comprised of brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system
nerves that run between CNS and target tissue
Glia cells
support cells of CNS, includes oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, microglial cells, and ependymal cells
Nerve
collection of axons
Ganglion
collection of nerves together with efferent and afferent axons and support cells, can have sensory or autonomic nerves
Neurons
transmit electrical impulses from one site to another and integrate them
Structure of a neuron
cell body, dendrites, axon, cytoskeleton
Cell body
soma or perikaryon, has nucleus
Dendrites
processes that receive impulses and carry toward the body of the cell
Axon
single long structure that carries impulses away from cell, ends at the synapse
Cytoskeleton
necessary for axonal transport
Part of cytoskeleton
neurofilament protein, microtubules
Neurofilament protein
intermediate filament of nerve cells that help maintain shape of axon and soma, kinesis and dynein
Microtubules
transport substances and organelles down the axon
Types of axonal transport
anterograde and retrograde