basic exodontia part1 Flashcards
types of blades
what part of the instrument is this?
handle –> shank –> blade
- striahgt type
- triangular type - cryer elevator
- pick up type - apical pick
principles of elevators
- lever
- wedge
- wheel and axle
use of fulcrum or lever
lever is a mechanism for transmitting a modest force with the mechanical advantage of a long lever arm and a short resistance arm into a small movement against great resistance
wedging principle
wedge expands, splits, and displaces portion of substance that recieves it
which instrument is an example of wheel and axel
crossbar elevators
straight elevator number and name
301 apexo
2 hourigan
type of periosteal elevator
miller and potts elevators
serrated curved elevator
number 9 molt
periosteal elevaot
austin retractor
right angle retractor that can be used to retract cheek, tongue, or flaps
*(mostly for cheek retraction)
weider retractor
large retractor used to retract the tongue
- serrated surface helps engage the tongue so that it can be held securely
helps displace the tongue medial and anterior away from field of view
adson tissue forceps
used to gently stabalize soft tissue for suturing or dissection
stillies vs asdson
stillies is longer and used more for posterior locations of the mouth
allis tissue forceps
useful for grasping and holding tissue that will be excised
has beaks on them
bone file is only effective on what stroke
pull stroke
*used for smoothing small, sharp edges or spicules of bone
periapical curette use
double ended spoon shaped instrument used to remove soft tissue from bony cavities
principle use is also to remove granulomas or cysts from periapical lesions
- but also used to remove smalll amounts of granulation tissue debris from the socket
beak difference of hemostat vs needle holder
needle holder
- cross hatched to permit a positive grasp of the suture needle
hemostat
- parallel grooves on the face of the beaks thereby decreasing the control over needle and suture
which fingers are used in holding the needle holder
thumb and ring finger
where do you hold the needle with the needle holder
needle holder grasps the curved needle two thirds of the distance from the tip of the needle
shape of needle mostly used
triangular in cross section - which makes it a cutting needle
types of non resporbable sutures
silk (most common non resorbable used in OS)
nylon, vinyl, stainless steel
(usually not used)
resorbable suture
gut
aka chromic gut
chromic gut
lasts up to 7-10 days
this is a monofilament suture
(polyfilament means the material is braided;
is silk poly or mono filamant?
poly
less irritant to tissues but can cause wicking
implication of poly vs mono filament
wicking
- being polyfilament - they tend to wick oral fluids along the suture to the underlying tissues and can carry more bacteria
side of the elevator that is working side
the concave side
cryer elevators
triangular shaped and used for mesial or distal roots
aka east / west
typical when broken root remains in the tooth socket and the adjacent socket is empty
no. 301 vs 34S 46 and 77R?
size
the 301 is the smallest
34S common large one
angled shaped elevator
miller and potts
crane pick use
used to elevate whole roots or even teeth after the purchase point has been prepared with a bur
root tip pick used
tease small root end of tooth
- insert tip into the periodontal ligament space between the root tip and the socket wall
*this is a delicate instrument
three basic components of extraction forceps
- handle
- usually have a serrated surface to allow a positive grip and to prevent slippage - hinge
- beaks
techniue when holding forcep to gain more force
more rotational force can be achieved by moving the thumb around and under the handle
how to hold maxillary forceps vs mandibular
maxillary - held with the palm under the handle
mandibular
- held with the palm on top of forceps
english style forceps
- general difference
hinge is in the vertical direction
hinge of american is in the horizontal direction
beak on forcep is designed for?
designed to adapt to the tooth root near the junction of the crown and root
- the more closely the beaks of the forceps adapt to the tooth roots, the more efficient the extraction is
- not designed to adapt to any part of the crown
