Basic Derm Flashcards
atopic dermatitis
inflammation, includes eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis, either epidermis or immune disorder with L and T cells, itch that rashes, tx inflammation, hydration, avoid exacerbation
impetigo
yellow/brown crust or bullae with clear to yellow fluid, honey-colored, tx with antimicrobial
tinea capitis
african-american, fungus, alopecia, inflammation, breaking hairs, KOH or wood’s lamp, oral antifungal
erythema infectiosum
benign self-limited infection, slapped cheek, mildly febrile, sunburn, self-limited
roseola infantum
herpesvirus, around 1 year, high fever with faint pink, non-pruritic, blanching macular papular
pityriasis rosea
papulosquamous disease in older children, herald patch - 1 pink lesions followed by christmas tree distrubutions, self-limited
molluscum contagiosum
poxvirus, auto-incoluation, fleshy dome shaped papules with central umbilication (kertotic plug), cyrotherapy, curettage, cantharidin tx
verrucae
HPV of skin of mucosa - plantar palmar, genital
scabies
mites, direct contact, very itchy and worse at night, burrows and papules, permethrin tx, tx entire household
pediculosis capitis
head lice, person-to-person, nits on 1 hair, adults, pruritic, permethrin
pediculosis corporis
larger louse lives in clothing, wheals from fresh bits, bathe pat, heat wash clothes and permethrin if in body hairs
pediculosis pubic
crab louse infection due to sexual contact, extreme pruritis and maybe pale blue macules, live louse of nits in pubic hair, tx with topic pediculocides, tx sexual contacts
contact dermatitis
eczematous dermatitis due to exposure - irritant or allergic (delayed hypersensitivity rx - borders correspond with contact)
seborrheic dermatitis
inflammatory disease in sebaceous glands, yellowish red, greasy, selenium sulfide shampoo
psorias
early onset, genetic, plaques with silvery-white scales on extensor surfaces
urticaria
hives, pink/red wheals
erythema multiforme
target lesions
erythema nodosum
nodules deep-seated in subcutaneous fat on lower extremeties, can feel better than see
dermatophytoses
tinea- fungal, vesicular plaques of rings with scaling, maceration, alopecia and kerion, KOH prep
candidal infections
beefy red eroted patches with satellitle lesions and edema, KOH prep - yeast
pityriasis versicolor
well-demarcated scaling patches with variable pigmentation, yeast exacerbated by UV exposure
bacterial - abscess/furuncle/carbuncle
pus in encloses space w/ S/S of infection (staph)
erythasma
large, reddish brown macule that scales, bacteria, wood’s lamp dx
cellulitis/erysipelas
bacterial - S/S of infection, lower leg and periorbit
acne
excess sebum and follicular occlusion in sebaceous glands, comedones, oily skin
rosacea
adults and more sever in males, flushing and blushing, telangiectases, sebaceous hyperplasias, no comedones, centro-facial erythema with inflammatory papules and pustules, metrodizaole gel or tetracycline
hidradenitis suppurative
apocrine glands, double comedones -> cystic suppurative lesions, axillae, buttocks, inguinal region
herpes simplex I
muccocutaneous orolabial
herpes simplex II
genital
herpes simplex
grouped vesicles on ertyhematous base that evolve to pustules and become eroded to ulcerations with crusts
varicella zoster
shingles, incubation - 14 days, itching and pain, papules -> vesicles -> crust, dermatomal and does not cross midline
seborrheic keratosis
mulberry-shaped brown papules and plaques that are “stuck-on”, waxy surface, horn cysts
acrochordons
skin tags, fleshy to brown colored polyps of skin
hemangioma
strawberry/cherry erythematous nodules and papules, head and neck
lentigines
freckles, age spots, liver spots - in exposes areas, circumscribed brown macules
melanocytic nevi
moles, small circumscribed acquired pigmented macules and papules, well-demarcated, symmetric and uniform in contour and color, tan to brown
lipoma
benigns subcutaneous fat cell tumor, soft round, lobulated, movable, nontender, neck, trunk, extremetities
keratoacanthoma
caucasian, males, rapidly growing dome shaped nodule with a central keratotic plug, surgical excision
actinic keratosis
precancerous SCC, erythematous plaques with keratotic scale, crusted and ulcerated, biopsy and destory
basal cell carcinoma
bleeding or scabbing sore that heals and recurs, sun exposure, translucent pearly papule/nodule with rolled border and ulcerated center, telangiectasia, Mohns excisional biopsy
squamous cell carcinoma
older patients with sun exposure, slowly evolving ketatotic plaque or papule that is red and yellow/ tan, excisional biopsy
malignant melanoma
deadly form of skin cancer, ABCDE - asymmetry, irregular borders, multiple colors, larger diameter, elavation/evolution
kaposi sarcoma
malignant proliferaton of blood vessels, purple to red macules, papules, nodules, often first in oral cavity
