BASIC CONCEPTS ON LABORATORY BIOSAFETY & BIOSECURITY PART 1 Flashcards
Potential hazards in Laboratory
- electric shock
- toxic vapors
- compressed gases
- flammable liquids
- radioactive material
- corrosive substances
- mechanical trauma
-poisons - biologic materials
What Association developed a
standard hazard identification system(diamond-shaped,color-coded symbol), which has been adopted by many clinical laboratories
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Signage and Labeling: Health hazard
(blue quadrant)
Signage and Labeling: Flammable hazard
(red quadrant)
Signage and Labeling: Reactivity/stability hazards
(yellow quadrant)
Signage and Labeling: Other special information
(white quadrant)
SAFETY RESPONSIBILITY
Employer’s Responsibilities
- Establish laboratory work methods and safety policies
- Provide supervision and guidance to employees
- Provide safety information, training, PPE, and medical surveillance to employees
- Provide and maintain equipment and laboratory facilities that are free of recognized hazards and adequate for the tasks required
SAFETY RESPONSIBILITY
Employee’s Responsibilities
- Know and comply with the established laboratory safe work practices
- Have a positive attitude toward supervisors, coworkers, facilities, and safety training
- Be alert and give prompt notification of unsafe conditions or practices to the immediate supervisor and ensure that unsafe
conditions and practices are corrected - Engage in the conduct of safe work practices and use of PPE
All in-house prepared reagents and solutions should be labeled in a standard manner and includes:
- chemical identity
- concentration
- hazard warning
- special handling
- storage conditions
- date prepared
- expiration date (if applicable)
- preparer’s initials
how many gallons of water does the safety shower need to deliver
30 to 50 gallons of water per minute at 20 to
50 pounds per square inch (psi)
located in areas where corrosive liquids are stored or used
Safety Shower
must be accessible (i.e., within 100 feet or 10 s travel) in laboratory areas presenting chemical or biological exposure hazards
Eyewash stations
Other items that must be available for personnel include:
fire blankets, spill kits, and first aid supplies
what devices must be used for manipulating all types of liquids in the laboratory, including water
Mechanical pipeting
device that strictly prohibited
Mouth pipeting
designed to offer various levels of protection, depending on the biosafety level of the specific laboratory
BIOSAFETY CABINETS
storage and handling of hazardous chemicals and compressed gases
Chemical Storage Equipment
should always be used to transport glass bottles of acids, alkalis, or organic solvents in volumes larger than 500 mL
Safety carriers
with self-closing doors are required for the storage of flammable liquids
Steel safety cabinets
should be used for storing, dispensing, or disposing of flammables in volumes greater than 1 quart
Approved safety cans
may be used to store flammable materials
Explosion proof refrigerators
Safety glasses, goggles, visors, or work shields protect the eyes and face from splashes and impact
PPE and HYGIENE
If any solution is accidentally splashed into the eye(s), thorough __________ is required
irrigation
protect the hands and arms
when using caustic chemicals
Gloves and rubberized sleeves
an acceptable alternative for people with latex allergies
Polyvinyl or other nonlatex gloves
preferably with knit-cuffed sleeves, should be full length and buttoned and made of liquid- resistant material
Laboratory coat
shoes constructed of porous materials, open-toed shoes, and sandals are considered ineffective against spilled hazardous liquids
Proper footwear
high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)
filters must be worn when engineering controls are not feasible
Respirators
infection control and chemical hygiene
Hand Washing
after removing gloves, hands should be washed thoroughly with
soap and warm water
After any work with highly toxic or carcinogenic chemicals, the face should also be
washed
classified according to flash point, which is the temperature at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture
with air
Flammable/Combustible Chemicals
flash point below 37.8°C (100°F)
flammable liquid
flash point at or above 37.8°C (100°F)
combustible liquid
what is a major source of safety information for employees who may use hazardous materials in their occupations
Safety Data Sheer (SDS)
SAFETY DATE SHEETS
- Product name and identification
- Hazardous ingredients
- Permissible exposure limit
- Physical and chemical data
- Health hazard data and carcinogenic potential
- Primary routes of entry
- Fire and explosion hazards
- Reactivity data
- Spill and disposal procedures
- PPE recommendations
- Handling
-Emergency and first aid procedures - Storage and transportation
precautions - Chemical manufacturer’s name, address, and telephone number
- Special information section
requires each laboratory that uses hazardous chemicals to have a written chemical hygiene plan
OSHA LABORATORY STANDARD
this plan provides procedures and work practices for regulating and reducing exposure of laboratory personnel
to hazardous chemicals
OSHA LABORATORY STANDARD
pose a physical or health hazard from
acute or chronic exposure
Hazardous chemicals
substances that affect cellular development
in a fetus or embryo), carcinogens, and other toxic chemicals
teratogens
injurious to skin or eyes by direct contact
Corrosive Chemicals
tissue of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts if inhaled or ingested
Corrosive Chemicals
Examples include in Corrosive Chemicals
acids - acetic, sulfuric, nitric, and hydrochloric
bases - ammonium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium hydroxide
can spontaneously explode or ignite or that evolve heat or flammable or explosive gases
Reactive Chemicals
some strong acids or bases react with water to generate heat
exothermic reactions
substances that have been determined to be cancer-causing agents
Carcinogenic Chemicals
Common example in Carcinogenic Chemicals
Benzidine
the laboratory must maintain an ________ inventory of carcinogens
accurate
fire triangle has been modified into three
dimensional pyramid known as the
fire tetrahedron
cause severe burns and require immediate flushing with copious amounts of _________
Clean Water
