Basic Bacteriology

Question 1

Circular (coccus)

• Gram-positive
• Gram-negative

Answer 1

• Gram positive
  
  • **Staphylococcus **
  • Streptococcus
• Gram negative
  
  • Neisseria

Question 2

Rod (bacillus)

• Gram positive

Answer 2

• Clostridium
• Corynebacterium
• Bacillus
• Listeria
• Mycobacterium (acid fast)
• Gardnerella (gram variable)

Question 3

Rod (bacillus)

• Gram negative (Enterics)

Answer 3

• E. coli
• Shigella
• Salmonella
• Yersinia
• Klebsiella
• Proteus
• Enterobacter
• Serratia
• Vibrio
• Campylobacter
• Helicobacter
• Pseudomonas
• Bacteroides

Question 4

Rod (bacillus)

• Gram negative (Respiratory)

Answer 4

• Haemophilus (pleomorphic)
• Legionella (silver)
• Bordetella

Question 5

Rod (bacillus)

• Gram negative (Zoonotic)

Answer 5

“-ella”

• Francisella
• Brucella
• Pasteurella
• Bartonella

Question 6

**Branching filamentous **

• Gram positive

Answer 6

• Actinomyces
• Nocardia (weakly acid fast)

Question 7

Pleomorphic

• Gram negative

Answer 7

• Rickettsiae (Giemsa)
• Chlamydiae (Giemsa)

Question 8

Spiral

• Gram negative

Answer 8

“BLT”

• Borrelia (Giemsa)
• Leptospira
• Treponema

Question 9

No cell wall

• Gram positive

Answer 9

Mycoplasma (doesn’t gram stain)

Question 10

Which bugs have gram stain limitations?

Answer 10

These Microbes May Lack Real Color

• Treponema
• Mycobacteria
• Mycoplasma
• Legionella pneumophila
• Rickettsia
• Chlamydia

Question 11

Stains

• Giemsa

Answer 11

Certain Bugs Really Try my Patience

• Chlamydia
• Borrelia
• Rickettsiae
• Trypanosomes
• Plasmodium

Question 12

Stains

• PAS

Answer 12

PASs the sugar

• glycogen
• diagnosis of Whipple disease

Question 13

Stains

• Ziehl-Neelsen

Answer 13

Acid fast organisms

• Nocardia
• Mycobacterium

Question 14

Stains

• India ink

Answer 14

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 15

Stains

• Silver stain

Answer 15

Fungi

• Legionella
• Helicobacter pylori

Question 16

Obligate aerobes

Answer 16

Nagging Pests Must Breathe

• Nocardia
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 17

Obligate anaerobes

Answer 17

Anaerobes Can’t Breathe Air

• Clostridium
• Bacteroides
• Actinomyces

Question 18

Obligate intracellular bugs

Answer 18

Stay inside cells when it’s Really Cold

• Rickettsia
• Chlamydia

Question 19

Facultative intracellular bugs

Answer 19

Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY

• Salmonella
• Neisseria
• Brucella
• Mycobacterium
• Listeria
• Francisella
• Legionella
• Yersinia pestis

Question 20

Encapsulated bacteria

Answer 20

SHiNE SKiS

• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Haemophilus influenzae type B
• Neisseria meningitidis
• Escherichia coli
• Salmonella
• Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Strep (group B)

Question 21

Catalase-positive organisms

Answer 21

You need PLACESS for your cats

• Pseudomonas
• Listeria
• Aspergillus
• Candida
• E. coli
• S. aureus
• Serratia

Question 22

Urease-positive bugs

Answer 22

CHuck Norris hates PUNKSS

• Cryptococcus
• H. pylori
• Proteus
• Ureaplasma
• Nocardia
• Klebsiella
• S. epidermidis
• S. saprophyticus

Question 23

Pigment-producing bacteria

Answer 23

• Actinomyces israelii (yellow)
• S. aureus (yellow)
• Psuedomonas aeruginosa (blue-green)
• Serratia marcescens (red)

Question 24

ENDOTOXIN

Answer 24

• Edema
• Nitric Oxide
• DIC/Death
• Outer membrane
• TNF-α
• O-antigen
• eXtremely heat stable
• IL-1
• Neutrophil chemotaxis

Question 25

Categories of bugs w/ exotoxins

Answer 25

* Inhibit protein synthesis * Increase fluid secretion * Inhibit phagocytic ability * Inhibit release of NT * Lyse cell membranes * Superantigens causing shock

Question 26

**Bugs w/ exotoxins** * Inhibit protein synthesis

Answer 26

* Corynebacterium diphtheriae * Psuedomonas aeruginosa * Shigella spp. * Enterhemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)

Question 27

**Bugs w/ exotoxins** * Increase fluid secretion

Answer 27

* Entertoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) * Bacillus anthracis * Vibrio cholerae

Question 28

**Bugs w/ exotoxins ** * Inhibit phagocytic activity

Answer 28

Bordetella pertussis

Question 29

**Bugs w/ exotoxins ** * Inhibit release of NT

Answer 29

* Clostridium tetani * Clostridium botulinum

Question 30

**Bugs w/ exotoxins ** * Lyse cell membranes

Answer 30

* Clostridium perfringens * Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 31

**Bugs w/ exotoxins ** * Superantigens causing shock

Answer 31

* Staphylococcus aureus * Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 32

5 bacterial toxins encoded in a lysogenic phage

Answer 32

**ABCDE** * Shig**A**-like toxin * **B**otulinum toxin * **C**holera toxin * **D**iphtheria toxin * **E**rythrogenic toxin of Strep pyogenes