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Microbiology > Basic Bacteriology > Flashcards

Basic Bacteriology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Lipoteichoic acid is unique to which organism?

A

Gram positive organisms

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2
Q

Endotoxin (LPS) is an outermsmbrane structure unique to which organism?

A

Gram negative organisms

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3
Q

Legionella pneumophila, Rickettisa, and Chlamydia are what type of organisms?

A

Intracellular organisms. Thus, these organisms do not grain stain well.

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4
Q

Does mycoplasma organisms have a cellular wall?

A

No, mycoplasma organisms do not have a cellular wall.

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5
Q

Legionella pneumophila stains with what specific stain? Is this organism weakly gram (+) or gram (-)?

A

Silver Stain. Weakly gram (-)

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6
Q

What type of acid is found in the cellular membrane of mycobaceteria organisms?

A

Mycolic acid. This is highly lipid content.

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7
Q

Chlamydia organisms stain with which stain?

A

Giemsa stain

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8
Q

With regards to Chlamydia, which form (elementary or reticular) stains with Giemsa? This organism can cause ayptical pneumonia.

A

Reticular form is what stains on the Giemsa Stain

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9
Q

Tropheryma whipplei causes Whipple disease. What stain? Glycogen is stained.

A

PAS (periodic acid-Schiff)

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10
Q

Acid fast organisms, such as mycobacterium, stain with what?

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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11
Q

Cryptococcus neoformas stains with what?

A

India ink

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12
Q

Legionella and Helicobacter Pylori stain with what?

A

Silver stain

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13
Q

What organism goes on Chocolate agar?

A

H. influenzae

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14
Q

What organism goes on Thayer-Martin (VPN) media?

A

N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis

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15
Q

What organism goes on Bordet-Gengous agar?

A

B. pertussis

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16
Q

What organism goes on Loffler medium?

A

C. diptheriae

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17
Q

What organism goes on Lowenstein-Jensen agar?

A

M. tuberculosis

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18
Q

What organism goes on Eaton agar?

A

M. Pneumonia

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19
Q

Lactose fermenting enteric organisms grow what color on MacConkey agar?

A

Pink, deep red, colonies

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20
Q

What organism(s) goes on Charcoal yeast extract agar with cysteine and iron?

A

Legionella and Francisella tularensis

21
Q

What organism goes on Sabouraud agar?

A

Fungi

22
Q

Clostridum, Bacteroides, and Actinomyces are what type of anaerobes?

A

Obligate anaerobes

23
Q

Haemophilus influenzae B, Neisseria meningitis, Klebsiella pneumonaie are all what type of bacteria?

A

Encapsulated bacteria

24
Q

A capsule contributes to what type of virulence factor?

A

Antiphagocytic

25
Q

Proteus and Klebsiella are what type of organisms?

A

Urease positive bacterium

26
Q

Proteus breaks down what structure which leads to an high urine pH?

A

Urea

27
Q

Actinomyces isralii contains what color sulfur granules? Causes what facial syndrome?

A

Yellow sulfur granules. Causes lumpy jaw syndrome.

28
Q

Staph aureus has what type of pigment?

A

Yellow

29
Q

Pseudomonas aeriginosa has what type of pigment?

A

Blue Green

30
Q

Serratia marcescens contains what type of pigment? What urogential problems does this cause?

A

Red . UTI.

31
Q

Exotoxins are found in what types of organisms?

A

Gram (+) and gram (-)

32
Q

Endotoxins are found in what type of organisms?

A

Gram (-) organism

33
Q

Meningococcemia is caused by what type of toxin?

A

Endotoxin

34
Q

Cornebacterium diptheriae. Diptheria toxin inactivates what molecule?

A

Elongation factor 2

35
Q

Pseudomonas aerginosa. Exotoxin A inactivates what what molecule?

A

Elongation factor 2

36
Q

Shigella and EHEC possess the same toxin, the shiga toxin. This toxin activates what ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA?

A

Inactives the 60S ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA

37
Q

Bacillus anthracic. Edema factor mimics that action of what enzyme? What does this molecule activate?

A

Adenylate cyclase. Activates cAMP.

38
Q

Bacillus anthracis. What type of eschar?

A

Black eschar

39
Q

Vibrio chloerae. Cholera toxin activatives what enzyme by permanently activating Gs?

A

Adenylate cyclase.

40
Q

Vibrio chloerae. What type of stools?

A

Voluminous “rice-water” stools

41
Q

Clostridium tetani. Causes spasticity and lock jaw by preventing the release of what neurotransmitters in Renshaw cells of the spinal cord?

A

Prevents the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine)

42
Q

Clostridium botulinum. Causes flaccid paralysis and floppy baby syndrome by preventing the release of what neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction?

A

Prevents the release of ACh from the neuromuscular junction.

43
Q

Clostridium perfringes. Causes gas gangrene due to what enzyme, also known as lecithinase, that degrades tissue and cell membranes?

A

Phospholipase

44
Q

Staphylococcus aures. TSST-1 toxin binds to MCH II and TCR outside what site?

A

Outside the antigen binding site.

45
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes. Exotoxin A binds to MCH II and TCR outside what site?

A

Outside the antigen binding site

46
Q

TSST-1 and Exotoxin A cause the release of INF-y and IL2. What does this cause?

A

Shock

47
Q

What portion of the LSP molecule invokes the immune response by activating macrophages? This results in hypotension, inflammation, and coagulation cascade activation.

A

Lipid A

48
Q

Transformation is the ability of a bacteria to uptake what type of DNA from the environment?

A

Naked

49
Q

S. pneumonia uses what type of bacterial genetic process?

A

Transformation

Microbiology (8 decks)

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