Basic Anatomical Terms, Tissues

Question 1

Axial

Answer 1

Head (skull)
Neck (Cervical region)
Trunk
  -Thorax (Clavical - diaphragm
  -Abdomen (Diaphragm - pevlis)
  -Pelvis (Innominates & Sacrum)

Question 2

Appendicular

Answer 2

Upper Extremity

Lower Extremity

Question 3

Tissues

Answer 3

Group of similar cells and extracellular matrix which serve specific function.

Question 4

4 Types of Tissues

Answer 4

Muscle
Connective
Epithelial
Nervous

Question 5

Epithelial Tissue

Answer 5

Lines internal and external surfaces.

Protects other tissues and regulate movement into and out of other tissues.

Question 6

Muscle Tissue

Answer 6

Types

• Smooth
• Skeletal
• Cardiac

Generates force
Striated appearance.

Question 7

Nervous Tissue

Answer 7

Carries information.

Regulates and controls bodily functions and activity.

Question 8

Connective Tissue

Answer 8

All connective tissue contation protien fibers.

Definition: Cells and extracellular matrix that attaches (connects), anchors, and/or protects other tissue.

Matrix (what its made of) plays a very important role.

Question 9

Connective Tissue Different Protein (Matrix’s)

Answer 9

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

Question 10

Collagen

Answer 10

Made from collagen in tri-helical structure, well-organized, RESIST TENSILE LOADS (VERY LITTLE STRETCH).

Question 11

Elastic

Answer 11

Made from elastin, has the ability to stretch, devlop tension and RETURNS TO ORIGINAL LENGTH.

Question 12

Reticular

Answer 12

Made from collagen fibrils (small fibers), poorly organized.

Question 13

4 Types of Connective Tissue

Answer 13

Bone
Fibrous
Cartilage
Blood

Question 14

Mesenchyme

Answer 14

Embryological origin of all connective tissue. It is unspecialized.

Question 15

-blast

Answer 15

Makes or builds

ex.) Fibroblast make fibrocytes

Question 16

-cyte

Answer 16

Maintains and repairs. Cytes have extracellular matrix around them?

Question 17

Fibrous Connective Tissue Types

Answer 17

Loose

Dense

Question 18

Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 18

The most abundant connective tissue in the body
Mostly Collagen
"Filler Tissue"
Hols Vessels and nerves
Poorly Organized
Found in subcutaneous areas

Question 19

Types of Loose Fibrous Connective Tissues

Answer 19

Aerolar
Adipose
Reticular

Question 20

Loose Fibrous Aerolar Connective Tissue

Answer 20

Type of Loose Fibrous Connective Tissue

Gel-like matrix with all three fiber type; cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells and some WBC.

Function: Wraps and cushions organs. Plays and important role is inflammation.

Located: Widely distributed under epithelia of body. Forms lamina propia of mucous membrane, packages organs; surrounds capillaries.

Question 21

Loose Fibrous Adipose Connective Tissue

Answer 21

Closely packed, fat cells.

Function: Provides reserve food fuel. Insulates, cushions, supports and protects organs.

Location: Under the skin; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breast.

Question 22

Loose Fibrous Reticular Connective Tissue

Answer 22

Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substance; reticular cells lie on the network.

Function: The fibers form a soft internal skeleton (Stroma) that supports other cell types including WBCs, mast cells and macrophages.

Located: Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow and spleen.

Question 23

Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 23

Primarily collagen

Various amount of organization in arrangement.

Question 24

Types of Dense Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 24

Regular
Irregular
Elastic

Question 25

Dense Regular Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 25

Primarily parallel collagen fibers; a few elastin fibers; major cell type is the FIBROBLAST. It is WELL ORGANIZED. Function: Attached muscles to bone or to muscle; Attaches bones to bones; withstand GREAT TENSILE STRESS when pulling force is applied in one direction. Location: Tendons, Ligaments and Aponeuroses

Question 26

Dense Irregular Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 26

Primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers; some elastic fibers; major cell type is the FIBROBLAST. Function: Able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength. Location: Dermis of the skin; submucosa of digestive tract; fibrous capsules of organs and of joint

Question 27

Dense Elastic Fibrous Connective Tissue

Answer 27

Abundance of elastic fibers The key to elastic connective tissue is that it stretches and then returns back to its original shape. Location: Artery walls, Trachea and Some ligaments of the spine.

Question 28

3 Types of Cartilage

Answer 28

Hyalin Fibrocartilage Elastic Cartilage

Question 29

Hyalin Cartilage

Answer 29

Also called the articular cartilage (Found at the joints, ends of bones) Embryonic precursor to bone It Forms Synchondroses (almost immovable joints between bones bound by a layer of cartilage, as in the vertebrae. The strongest types of cartilage: 40% collagen, 60% gel (proteoglycan)

Question 30

Fibrocartilage

Answer 30

Forms fibrocartilage pads (meniscus), symphses (like the pubic sympysis, unlike synchondroses, symphses are permanent). Mostly made up of collagen. 70% Collagen, 10% elastic, 20% gel (proteoglycan).

Question 31

Elastic Cartilage

Answer 31

Mostly elastin Found in epiglottis, outer ears, not in joints.

Question 32

DO bone and Blood

Answer 32

Do the cards