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Neuroanatomy > Basal Nuclei > Flashcards

Basal Nuclei Flashcards

1
Q

most rostral (anterior; closest to the nasal or oral region) part of the brain

A

Telencephalon

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2
Q

Parts of Telencephalon

A

Cerebral cortex
Basal nuclei
Hippocampus

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3
Q

located in the midbrain

A

Substantia nigra

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4
Q

located in the diencephalon

A

Subthalamic nuclei

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5
Q

Mass of gray matter within each cerebral hemisphere

A

Basal Nuclei

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6
Q

No direct input or output connections with the spinal cord; instead, the basal nuclei are linked to related parts of the brain through connection fibers (both afferent and efferent

A

Basal Nuclei

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7
Q

Can be found lateral to the thalamus and deeper into the cranium compared to the cerebral hemispheres

A

Basal Nuclei

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8
Q

Major parts of Basal Nuclei

A

Corpus striatum
Amygdaloid nucleu
Claustrum

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9
Q

Formed by the caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus; Located lateral to the thalamus

A

Corpus striatum

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10
Q

separates the caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus

A

Internal capsule

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11
Q

Parts of the internal capsule

A

Anterior crus
Genu
Posterior crus

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12
Q

Parts of the internal capsule:

located lateral to the head of the caudate nucleus

A

Anterior crus

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13
Q

Part of the internal capsule:

point of convergence of the anterior and posterior crura

A

Genu

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14
Q

Part of the internal capsule:

located medial to the lentiform nucleus, in particular the internal capsule of the globus pallidus

A

Posterior crus

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15
Q

Caudate nucleus and putamen

A

Neostriatum/striatum

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16
Q

C-shaped mass of gray matter closely related to the lateral ventricles and found lateral to the thalamus

A

Caudate nucleus

17
Q

Parts of the caudate nucleus

A

Head
Body
Tail

18
Q

Part of the caudate nucleus:

Large, rounded; Forms the lateral wall of the anterior limb of internal capsule; Continuous with putamen inferiorly

A

Head

19
Q

Part of the caudate nucleus:

Long, narrow; Continuous with the head at the interventricular foramen; Forms part of the floor of lateral ventricle

A

Body

20
Q

Part of the caudate nucleus:

Long, slender; Continuous with posterior end of thalamus; Terminates anteriorly at amygdaloid nucleus

A

Tail

21
Q

Wedge-shaped mass of gray matter buried deep into the white matter of cerebral hemispheres

Related medially to the internal capsule

Separated into portions by a thin layer of white matter

A

Lentiform nucleus

22
Q

Parts of lentiform nucleus

A

PUTAmen

Globus pallidus

23
Q

Part of lentiform nucleus:

Larger, darker, and more lateral portion; Continuous with the caudate nucleus

A

putamen

24
Q

Part of lentiform nucleus:

Lighter, more medial portion; Paleness is due to the high concentration of myelinated nerve fibers

A

Globus pallidus

25
Q

At temporal lobe close to the uncus; Part of the limbic system; Can influence bodily response to environmental changes

A

Amygdaloid Nucleus

26
Q

Thin sheet of gray matter separating the external capsule from the white matter of insula
Bound by the external capsule medially and the extreme capsule laterally
Function unknown

A

Claustrum

27
Q

Extrapyramidal System:

A

Basal Nucleus
Substantia Nigra
Subthalamic Nucleus
Red Nucleus

28
Q

Functions of the Basal Nuclei:

A

Motor movement development and regulation
Muscle tone and posture
Cognition in relation to movement

29
Q

Part of the midbrain; With dopaminergic and inhibitory neurons; Have many connections with corpus striatum

A

Substantia Nigra

30
Q

Part of the diencephalon; With glutaminergic and excitatory neurons; With many connections to the globus pallidus and substantia nigra

A

Subthalamic Nucleus

31
Q

Connection fibers

A

Afferent fibers

Efferent fibers

32
Q

Types of afferent fibers

A

Corticoastriatal fibers
Thalamostriate fibers
Nigostriate fibers
Brainstem striatal fibers

33
Q

Types of afferent fiber:
Largest input: sensory-motor complex of the same side of the cortex; Most of the projections are from the cortex of the same side.

A

Corticoastrial fibers

34
Q

Glutamate release

A

excitatory

35
Q

from the corpus striatum to the indicated parts

A

Efferent fiber

Neuroanatomy (9 decks)

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