Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 1

what is a basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 1

locally invasive tumour of epidermal keratinocytes

Question 2

what is the most common type of skin cancer?

Answer 2

basal cell carcinoma

Question 3

what are the characteristics of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 3

• rarely metastasises
• do not cause pain
• do not cause bleeding
• very slow growing

Question 4

what is the cutaneous presentation of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 4

• small, skin-coloured or pink nodule with a central depression
• pearly rolled edge
• surface telangiectasia
• located on sun exposed areas of the skin

Question 5

what is a rodent ulcer?

Answer 5

BCC where the centre has become necrotic or ulcerated

Question 6

what are the different types of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 6

• nodular (most common)
• superficial
• pigmented
• cystic
• keratotic
• morphoeic

Question 7

what are the risk factors for developing a basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 7

• type I or II skin
• history of frequent or severe previous sun burn
• outdoor occupation or hobbies
• personal or family history of skin cancer
• immunosuppression
• increasing age
• male sex

Question 8

what is the surgical management of a basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 8

• surgical excision with a 4mm margin
• curettage and cautery
• mohs micrographic surgery (in cosmetically sensitive area)

Question 9

what is the medical management of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 9

• cryotherapy
• photodynamic therapy
• radiotherapy
• topical therapy = imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil