Bartholin's Cyst and Abscess

Question 1

What are Bartholin glands?

What is its function?

Why does a cyst form?

Why can cysts become abscesses?

How can abscesses also be primary?

Answer 1

A pair of glands on either side of the lower vestibule

Provides lubrication during sex

Duct obstruction - usually unilateral

Can become secondarily infected

Due to bartholinitis

Question 2

Signs and Symptoms?

What may be found on the exam?

What is the only way to relieve the pain?

Answer 2

Pain and dyspareunia
Fever

Palpable gland

Bursting of abscess

Question 3

Risk factors

Answer 3

Sexually active

PMH of cyst and abscesses

Question 4

Investigations:

What can be done to fluid?

What can be done for those >40 with suspected malignancy?

Answer 4

MC+S

Biopsy

Question 5

Management:

Non-surgical

Answer 5

Conservative in asymptomatic cysts or small ruptured abscesses

Broad spec ABs - co-amoxiclav

Question 6

Management:

Surgery for cyst

Surgery for abscess

Last resort

Answer 6

Aid drainage then allow slow healing of duct to regain normal function

Incision and drainage + broad-spectrum ABs

Gland removal