Bandura: Social Cognitive Theory

Question 1

A perspective stating that humans have some limited ability to control their lives

Answer 1

Agentic perspective

Question 2

The essence of humanness; that is, humans are defined by their ability to organize, regulate, and enact behaviors that they believe will produce desirable consequences

Answer 2

Human agency

Question 3

(Human agency) Proactive commitment to actions that may bring about desired outcomes

Answer 3

Intentionality

Question 4

(Human agency) The ability to set goals

Answer 4

Foresight

Question 5

(Human agency) Includes people monitoring their progress toward fulfilling their choices

Answer 5

Self-reactiveness

Question 6

(Human agency) Allows people to think about and evaluate their motives, values, and life goals

Answer 6

Self−reflectiveness

Question 7

A model stating that human functioning is molded by the reciprocal interaction of behavior; person variables, including cognition; and environmental events

Answer 7

Reciprocal determinism

Question 8

Suggests that the three factors in the reciprocal determinism model does not make equal contributions to behavior, it depends on which factor is strongest at any particular moment

Answer 8

Differential contributions

Question 9

An unintended meeting of persons unfamiliar to each other

Answer 9

Chance encounters

Question 10

An environmental experience that is unexpected and unintended

Answer 10

Fortuitous event

Question 11

Gives some consistency to personality by allowing people to observe and symbolize their own behavior and to evaluate it on the basis of anticipated future consequences; includes self-efficacy and self-regulation

Answer 11

Self-system

Question 12

People’s beliefs that they can or cannot exercise those behaviors necessary to bring about a desired consequence

Answer 12

Self-efficacy

Question 13

People’s prediction of the likely consequences of their behavior

Answer 13

Outcome expectations

Question 14

The conviction that one can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcomes

Answer 14

Efficacy expectations

Question 15

The best predictors of successful behavior

Answer 15

High self−efficacy and a responsive environment

Question 16

People exercise some partial control over everyday living; without this, modern people would be forced to spend most of their time securing the necessities of survival

Answer 16

Proxy agency

Question 17

The level of confidence that people have that their combined efforts will produce social change

Answer 17

Collective efficacy

Question 18

Arises from using reflective thought; humans can manipulate their environments and produce consequences of their actions

Answer 18

Self-regulation

Question 19

Refers to the notion that self−regulatory influences are not automatic but operate only if activated; people react differently in different situations, depending on their evaluation of the situation

Answer 19

Selective activation

Question 20

People are capable of separating themselves from the negative consequences of their behavior

Answer 20

Disengagement of internal control

Question 21

More than simple imitation, it involves adding and subtracting from observed behavior

Answer 21

Modeling

Question 22

(Process in observational learning) Noticing what a model does

Answer 22

Attention

Question 23

(Process in observational learning) Symbolically representing new response patterns in memory

Answer 23

Representation

Question 24

(Process in observational learning) Producing the behavior that one observes

Answer 24

Behavior production

Question 25

(Process in observational learning) Observer must be motivated to perform the observed behavior

Answer 25

Motivation

Question 26

All behavior is followed by some consequence, but whether that consequence reinforces the behavior depends on the person’s cognitive evaluation of the situation

Answer 26

Enactive learning

Question 27

The goal of social cognitive therapy

Answer 27

Self-regulation

Question 28

A technique aimed at diminishing phobias through relaxation

Answer 28

Systematic desensitization