Bandura Flashcards
Outline the background to Bandura
Social learning theory
- behaviour was learnt by observing and imitating a role model
Outline the aim of banderas study
To see whether children would imitate adult behaviour when given the opportunity, even if they sa these behaviours in a different environment and the original ‘model’ behaviour was no longer present.
Bandura was specifically interested in aggressive behaviour
Outline the 4 hypothesis by Bandura
1)subjects exposed to aggressive models would reproduce aggressive acts resembling those of their models
2)Observation of non aggressive models would have a generalised lesser effect on the subjects subsequent behaviour
3) Subjects would imitate the behaviour of a same sex model to a greater degree than a model of the other sex
4)Boys should be more predisposed than girls towards imitating aggressions
Outline the sample of children that was used in Bandura
72 children from Stanford university nursery
36 boy
36 girls
37-69 months old
What type of sampling was used in Bandura
Opportunity sampling as used to obtain the participants as they were all just taken and used from the nursery
What experimental design was used for participants in the study by Bandura
Matched participants design
-The children were matched on some behaviours to have similair expel in each group
- The teacher and an observer would rank the children on :
-physical aggression
-verbal aggression
-aggression inhibition
-aggression towards inanimate objects
Each child was then given an overall score and then they were put into groups of three with the same aggression ratin score
What were the independent variables and model conditions used in Bandura
IV
-aggressive model
-non aggressive model
-n model
Model conditions
-aggressive male model
-aggressive female model
-no model
-non aggressive male model
-non aggressive female model
Outline the procedure of the aggressive model condition for Bandura
STAGE 1(10 minutes)
-Each child was taken into a room. The child was taken to a table and given toys to play with including potato printing and stickers. An adult then sat at another table which had tinker toys a bobo doll and a mallet
-The model proceeded to play with the tinker toys for 1 minute then attack the bobo doll by inching it hitting it with the mallet and kicking it saying ‘sock him in the nose’ ‘throw him in the air’ ‘kick him’ and ‘pow’
STAGE 2 (2 minutes)
-Children were taken to a second smaller room with some attractive toys like a dol set cable car and spinning top and they were told they were not aloud to use any of these toys
STAGE 3 (20 minutes)
-all 72 children were taken back not the first room and observed by a male observer through a one way mirror making record of behaviours every 5 seconds
Behaviours observed were either
-imitative behaviour of physical or verbal aggression
-partial imitative behaviour of aggression
-novel aggressive behaviour
How did Bandura have inter-rater reliability
-half of the children also ha ther behaviour in the third stage scored independently by an observer. These records were then compared for consistency. The study had high inter rater reliability
Explain why stage 2 the mild aggression arousal state was included in Bandura
This was done as studies show that witnessing aggression tends to reduce immediate aggression and so it was decided that all children would be denied the use of nice toys to arouse them so that any aggression learnt from the model would be expressed
Outline one quantitative finding that shows us that genders are most likely to observe and imitate more from the same gender
After watching male aggressive model
Male-25.8
Female-12
Outline whether boys are pre-disposed rot be more aggressive than girls and us one quantitative finding to prove this
Females over all conditions had a mean number of 3.28 physical aggressive acts
Males over all conditions had a mean number of 8.38 physical aggressive acts
Females over all conditions had a mean number of 3.34 verbal aggressive acts
Males over all conditions had a mean number of 3.96 verbal aggressive acts
Outline the conclusions of the study made by Bandura
-The findingsdid support the social learning theory that behaviour is observed and imitated
