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AT Course > Ballistics > Flashcards

Ballistics Flashcards

1
Q

What is ballistics?

A

The scientific study of the motion of projectiles

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2
Q

4 phases of ballistics

A

Interior (Internal)
Intermediate
External
Terminal

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3
Q

What is internal ballistics?

A

The scientific study of the operating process
within the gun from the moment that the
propellant is ignited until the projectile leaves
the barrel

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4
Q

What are the objectives(goals) of internal ballistics?

A

Launch the projectile safely
Consistent performance between shots
Achieve the highest possible muzzle velocity

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5
Q

What is the all burn point?

A

Where all the propellant has been consumed

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6
Q

What is explosion heat (Qex)?

A

the amount oh heat liberated in the combustion of 1kg of propellant

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7
Q

Define Pioberts law

A

The surface of a Burning propellant recedes layer by

layer in a direction normal to the surface.

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8
Q

What is intermediate ballistics?

A

The study of the transition from internal to external ballistics that occurs in the vicinity of the muzzle

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9
Q

What are the 2 parts of bottle shock?

A

Barrel shock - sides

Mach disc - front

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10
Q

What are the types of flash?

A 
Pre-flash
Primary flash
Muzzle glow
Intermediate flash
Secondary flash
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11
Q

What are the three main ways to minimize muzzle flash?

A

Muzzle devices ( flash suppressors)
Type of propellant
Propellant additives

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12
Q

What are the 3 main reasons for muzzle devices?

A

Reduce recoil
Suppress flash
Decrease report

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of silencers?

A

Blast absorption
Blast dissipation
Blast containment and controlled release

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14
Q

What are the properties of a projectile?

A

Mass
Caliber
Nose Shape
Spin Rate

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15
Q

What are the properties of the atmosphere

A

Air Density
Temperature
Pressure

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16
Q

What is trajectory?

A

The path taken by the C of G of the projectile

17
Q

What is drag co-efficient? (Cd)

A 
Drag coefficient (C d ) quantifies the drag of an
object through a fluid (Air or Water).
18
Q

What is yaw?

A

angle between axis of projectile and that of the velocity vector or trajectory.

19
Q

What are the four burning characteristics of propellant composition?

A

Burning rate
Pressure index
Force constant
Co-volume

20
Q

What are the six areas of distribution of energy when the gun is fired?

A 
Projectile, transitional and rotational.
heat in the gas
Gun recoil
Driving band engraving and overcoming
Unburnt charge and gases
Heat in the gun
21
Q

What are the 4 phases of internal ballistics?

A

Charge ignition
Combustion prior to projectile motion
Combustion up to the all burn point
Gas flow and projectile motion after all burn point to muzzle

22
Q

How can the round to round regularity of muzzle velocity be improved?

A

If burning finishes while the shell is still well back in the bore

23
Q

The muzzle gas flow field during firing consists of what two phases?

A

The precursor blast field that proceeds the projectile exit from the muzzle
The main blast field that follows as high pressure propellant gases are ejected into the air

24
Q

What is a bore evacuator?

A

It prevents propellant fumes from entering crew compartments.
Works by creating pressure diffentials during and after firing
High pressure propellant gases are stored in the evacuator as the round passes through the barrel.as the round exits the muzzle, the high pressure gases flow out the muzzle. This may increase the secondary flash

25
Q

What are the four drag forces?

A

Skin friction
Pressure drag
For body drag
Excrescence drag

26
Q

Define ballistic co-efficient.

A

The measure of a projectiles ability to overcome drag

27
Q

What are two way of reducing the effect of base drag?

A

Boat tailing

Base bleed

28
Q

What forces act on a projectile?

A 
Drag
Pressure
Yaw
Gravity
Velocity
Roll
29
Q

How do most flash suppression devices reduce flash?

A

Break up the barrel shock

Mach disc

30
Q

What can you use to reduce blast in small caliber weapons like pistols?

A

Silencers

31
Q

Burning characteristics of propellant granule

A

Ballistic size

Form function

32
Q

What is muzzle press

A

Peak over pressure at the mizzle upon breakage of the projectile bore seal

33
Q

What are the 4 ballistic abnormalities?

A

Cold gun affect
Occasion to occasion affect
Order of fire
Ballistic hump

34
Q

What are the ways to overcome the forces of a projectile

A

Nose shape
Base shape
Base bleed

AT Course (14 decks)

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