Balanced Anaesthesia Flashcards
Induction of adult horses can be done via the following routes:
- IV only
Foals can be induced via
- Mask
- IV
Horses can be particularly susceptible to the detriments of volatile agents. This can result in:
- Poor blood pressure: hypotension during anaesthesia can be catastrophic
- Horse could wake up with anaesthesia induced myopathy
In farm animal anaesthesia, most procedures are performed under …… anaesthesia because…
Most procedures are performed under local anaesthesia (sedation and local blocks) while the animal is standing because economic constraints typically make GA less viable
How are ruminants intubated?
By palpation: insert rm to back of throat to palpate laryngeal cartilages and then thread the endotracheal tube through
When approaching balanced anaesthesia in farm animals, what must you consider?
Cascade and the fact that the animal will enter the food chain
Why is ventilation often required in anaesthetised birds?
Birds lack a diaphragm and the volatile agents we rely on are respiratory depressants
Why is it important to use careful handling and restraint in rabbits prior to anaesthesia?
- Rabbits are particularly vulnerable to stress -→ even starting the anaesthesia can cause cardiac arrest in the stressed rabbit
True/false: large ruminant ears can be used for IV access.
True
True/false: in exotic animal anaesthesia you should always provide anaesthesia, regardless of the species and their apparent sentience.
True
True/false: decapods and cephalopods are not considered sentient.
False: these animals are considered sentient.
What challenges are there will zoo or wild animal anaesthesia?
- The patient’s health status is typically unknown
- Restraint/approach may not be possible so darting may be required
What drugs do most zoo/wild animal protocols include?
Ketamine or tiletamine
Muscle relaxation is poor with these drugs so need to add others
Wild animals will typically be darted with
very potent opioids
