Balance Training Flashcards
Area within the perimeter of the contact surface between the feet and the support surface.
Base of Support (BOS)
BOS almost square.
Normal stance
BOS narrow.
Tandem walking & stance
Controlling the body’s center of gravity (COG) over the base of support (BOS).
Balance
Refers to an individual while at rest by maintaining the COG within the available BOS.
Static Balance
Involves automatic postural responses to the disruption of the COG position. (Moving or moving surface)
Dynamic Balance
The greater distance a person can lean away from the BOS without changing the base.
Limits of Stability
12 degrees anterior/posterior. 16 degrees laterally.
Normal adult limits of stabilty.
Provide information about the orientation of the body and body parts relative to each other and the support surface.
Proprioception
Provide information to an individual about the physical surroundings relative to the position and movement of the head.
Visual
Measure the angular velocity and linear acceleration of the head & detects the position of the head relative to gravity. Postural control and coordinated movement.
Vestibular
Provide both sensory and motor functions.
Vestibular
____ relies on info from 3 sensory systems for maintaining balance.
CNS
Initiates person’s appropriate body movements to maintain an upright posture and to stabilize the head of trunk.
Vestibulospinal Reflex
Stabilizes vision during head & body movements.
Vestibulo-ocular Reflex
Stand with feet parallel/together with eyes open (goal is 30 seconds) then have pt. close eyes (15 seconds).
Romberg Test
Responses one makes during sudden perturbations.
Automatic Postural Strategy
Small disturbances in COG can be compensated by ankle motion.
Ankle Strategy
Used when sudden, large-amplitude, forces displace the COG beyond the limits of control.
Stepping Strategy
Uses rapid compensatory hip extension or flexion to redistribute body weight within the BOS when the COG is near the edge of the sway envelope.
Hip Strategy
To isolate _____ inputs, remove visual cues or destabilized.
Proprioception
Tinetti Balance/Gait
High Fall Risk
Tinetti Balance/Gait 19 - 23
Moderate Fall Risk
Tinetti Balance/Gait > or = 24
Low Fall Risk
