Bakker and Noteboom (2017) - Anthropology and inclusive development Flashcards
Anthropology’s main contribution to inclusive development
Understanding that processes of inclusion and exclusion are not only caused by outside interventions of “big - D” Development, but also shaped by people’s own actions, desires and cultural preferences (little d- development”
Big D Development
Focus on
- Progress
-Reform
- Knowledge transfer
- Modernisation
- Investment
- Top -down
- state
and criticised as
- neo-colonial
- evolutionary
- Euro-American-centric
- Global North controlling process of change in developing countries
little-d development
A geographically uneven, contradictory set of historical processes.
- unintentional
- relational
- bottom-up
- relations
- small scale
Land grabs - in/exclusive devt.
1) Transnational companies investing in already owned farmland leads to exclusion of small-scale farmers and indigenous people.
2) Global development (big D) of local natural resources
Anthropological critique of land grabs
Sheds light on
1. Marginalisation
2. varying inclusion and exclusion of locals, and why?
3. roles of labour
4. social resilience of socio-ecological processes in capitalism
Anthropological critique of security
Critique of rigid big d development focus, takes away focus on human resilience and adaption
Security - in/exclusive devt.
Security increased after 9/11 as an incentive to secure humans from fear. The establishment render populations governable, controlled by state-based biopolitical practices (big-D).
Inclusion/exclusion visible as gloubal south recieves dvt support in exchange for security in global north,yet northern securitization of southern lives and opportunities limits little d devt. (wish this was explained better)
Corporate development
How transnational companies invest in foreign countries for the sake of development.
Land grabs and security both have roots in global neoliberalism.
Economic liberalisation = national dvt with nations abilities to attract capital to production of labor-intensive goods fr international markets.
Due to the relation between security and economic interests from global north to south, the relations between stakeholders in trade or industry change from social/labor relations to the logic of finance capital.
Corporate social responsibility
Research on practices of transational companies in their roles as stimulators of dvt - marry economic growth.
ANTHRO critique - one-sided behaviour. companies commercial interests make them guarantors of the social well-being of those who they help establish businesses.
Alternative to globalised focus on econ. dvt. based on world-wide trade and neo-liberalism
1)Social and kinship networks
2) Traditional trade and barter relations
3) Other forms of informal/illegal institutions
Attention to little d - because
big d focus risks missing withdrawal of state or processes of capitalist development induced by people’s actions
