Bacteriology Flashcards
What are the four common things that Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells have?
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, and ribosomes
What does a cytoplasm contain?
Macromolecules, small molecules, inorganic ions
What does the nucleoid contain?
DNA, proteins and RNA
What is DNA loop formation caused by? What is DNA supercooling mediated by?
Nuecloid associated proteins
DNA gyrase and topoisomerase I
What is a plasmid?
Circular molecule of DNA that replicates separately from the chromosome
NOT part of nucleoid
What is the importance of plasmids?
They contain genes that cause disease or resistance genes
They can do cell to cell transfers (conjugation)
What does the bacterial envelope contain?
Cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, outer membrane, capsule
What are located on gram negative bacteria outer membrane?
Lipopolysaccharides
What are attached to peptidoglycan in gram positive bacteria?
Teichoic acid
What does the cytoplasmic membrane have?
Phospholipid bilayer, hydrophilic and hydrophobic
What are endospores?
Dormant bacteria that can survive adverse environmental conditions and for long periods of time
What are spore forming bacteria?
Bacillus and Clostridium
What are obligate aerobes?
Like oxygen
What are obligate anaerobes?
Do not like oxygen
