Bacterial Infections Flashcards
What drugs do you use to treat Rheumatic Fever?
Penicillin G
Aspirin
NSAIDs
Patients who have had rheumatic fever should be treated with a continuous course of antimicrobial prophylaxis for how long?
5 years
What are the drugs of choice for rheumatic fever prophylaxis?
Penicillin V (oral)
Erythromycin (oral)
Pencilling G (IM)
What is the treatment for an SSTI caused by Staph. Aureus?
Incision and Drainage (PRIMARY)
Antibiotics
What antibiotics should be used when treating S. aureus orally?
Dicloxacillin or Clindamycin
MRSA - Clindamycin, Bactrim, or Doxycycline
What antibiotics should be used when treating S. aureus via IV medications?
Nafcillin or Cefazolin
MRSA - Vancomycin or Daptomycin
What antibiotics should be used when treating Beta-hemolytic streptococci orally?
Amoxicillin
Cephalexin or Clindamycin
What antibiotics should be used when treating Beta-hemolytic streptococci via IV medications?
Nafcillin or Cefazolin
Vancomycin or Daptomycin
How long do you need to treat osteomyelitis for?
4 - 6 weeks (possibly longer)
What antibiotics do you use to treat osteomyelitis?
Cefazolin (IV)
Nafcillin or Oxacillin (IV)
What antibiotics do you use to treat osteomyelitis caused by MRSA?
Vancomycin (IV)
Daptomycin (IV)
How do you treat staphylococcal bacteremia?
Vancomycin or Daptomycin (IV)
(4 - 6 weeks)
How do you treat toxic shock syndrome?
REMOVE SOURCE OF TOXIN
Clindamycin (IV)
How do you treat infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci?
Remove Device or Foreign Body (if possible)
Vancomycin (IV)
- if normal kidney function
What is the immunization schedule of Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertusis for children and what vaccine would they be receiving?
DTaP
2 months
4 months
6 months
15-18 months
4 - 6 years
When should women receive their Tdap vaccine while pregnant?
27-36 weeks
How do you treat someone with symptoms of Tetanus?
Tetanus Immune Globulin (500 units IM)
Debride Wound
Metronidazole (IV or PO)
Bed Rest and Limit Stimuli
How do you treat botulism?
Equine Serum Heptavalent Botulism Antitoxin
- given within 24 hours of symptom onset
Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation
Parenteral fluids
Contact the CDC
Susceptible people exposed to diphtheria (not with an active case) should receive what treatments?
Diphtheria Toxoid Booster
- complete series if unimmunized
Penicillin G or Erythromycin x7 days
What is the treatment for people with active diphtheria?
Removal of membrane
Antitoxin (from horse serum)
PCN G or Erythromycin x14 days.
What is the treatment of choice for listeriosis?
Ampicillin (IV)
How can you prevent pertussis?
Vaccination (DtaP)
Erythromycin (prophylaxis)
What are the treatment options for Haemophilus?
Augmentin
How do you treat more seriously ill patients with haemophilus that have toxic clinical features with multi-lobe pneumonia?
Ceftriaxone (IV)
Fluoroquinalone (IV)
