BACTERIAL INFECTION (TUBERCULOSIS - TB)

Question 1

CONCEPT

Answer 1

CHRONIC INFECTIOUS

Question 2

CAUSE

Answer 2

MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (AEROBIC, NON-SPORE-FORMING BACILLUS)

Question 3

TRANSMISSION

Answer 3

DIRECT PERSON-TO-PERSON SPREAD (AIRBORNE DROPLETS FROM PATIENT ACTIVE DISEASE

Question 4

CHARACTERISTICS

Answer 4

• THE ORGANISM HAS A THICK, WAXY COAT NOT REACT WITH GRAM STAINS BUT RETAINS THE RED DYES (ZIHEL-NEELSEN)
• WITH THESE STAINS THE ORGANISMS DO NOT DECOLOR WITH ACID-ALCOHOL AND THEREFORE ARE ALSO KNOW AS ACID-FAST BACILI

Question 5

SYMPTOMS

Answer 5

COUGH WITH BLOOD-TINGED SPUTUM, FEVER, CERVICAL LYMPHADENOPATHY, NIGHT SWEATS, WEIGHT LOSS

Question 6

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS

Answer 6

• ANY MUCOSAL SURFACE (TONGUE/PALATE FAVORED LOCATION)
• LESION INDURATED, CHRONIC, NONHEALING ULCER, PAINFUL

Question 7

HISTOPATHOLOGIC

Answer 7

GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION (CENTRAL CASEOUS NECROSIS)

Question 8

TREATMENT

Answer 8

• MULTIAGENT THERAPY (2 OR MORE DRUGS MONTHS TO YEARS)
• 8-WEEK PYRAZINAMIDE, ISONIAZID, RIFAMPIN, ETHAMBUTOL
• FOLLOWED 16-WEEK ISONIAZID, RIFAMPLIN