Bacterial Genetics/Pathogenesis Flashcards
TRUE or FALSE:
A temperate bacteriophage has both lytic and
lysogenic cycles
TRUE
TRUE or FALSE: Pathogenicity is the measurement of the degree
of disease producing ability of a microorganism as indicated by
the severity of the disease produced
FALSE
Which of the following is true regarding a prokaryotic cell?
a. It has membrane bound organelles
b. Reproduction is vis mitosis and meiosis
c. DNA is linear
d. It has no nucleus
D
TRUE or FALSE:
Plasmids are small, extrachromosomal DNA
molecules within a cell that is physically separated from
chromosomal DNA and can be replicated independently
TRUE
What kind of gene transfer occurs when a bacterium takes up foreign gene material from the environment?
a. Conjugation
b. Transformation
c. Transduction
B
What is the type of gene transfer wherein character traits are passed on to the same generation?
a. Lateral gene transfer
b. Vertical gene transfer
B
TRUE or FALSE:
Endotoxins are proteins found in gram positive
bacteria that confer a general effect on the body such as fever,
malaise, etc.
FALSE
What kind of gene transfer happens when DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another by a virus?
a. Transduction
b. Transformation
c. Conjugation
A
What do you call the process of transferring genetic material between bacteria through a pili?
a. Transduction
b. Transformation
c. Conjugation
C
Bacterial antimicrobial resistance is usually transferred from bacterium to bacterium by which process?
a. Conjugation
b. Transduction
c. Transformation
A
Conjugation • Usually found in plasmids • How to transfer plasmids? Through conjugation • Sex pilus connects to another bacteria and transfer its genes
Which of the following mechanisms of urease is involved in urinary tract infection?
a. It causes disruption of the epithelial lining of the bladder
facilitating bacterial translocation
b. Its end product causes alkalinization of urine resulting
to precipitation of calcium & magnesium phosphates
c. It is required for adherence of bacteria to uroepithelial
cells
d. It facilitates migration of bacteria as ascending infection
from the bladder to the kidney
B
Urease activity raises pH of human
urine, which allows precipitation of
normally soluble polyvalent ions to
struvite and carbonate apatite
What bacterial structure is considered an extra chromosomal genetic unit and is responsible for disease prolongation?
a. Capsule
b. Spore
c. Flagellum
d. Plasmid
D
Recall
TRUE or FALSE.
Specialized transduction occurs only after a lysogenic cycle facilitated by a temperate phage.
TRUE
Specialized transduction is the Transfer of viral + bacterial DNA .Temperate bacteriophage will incorporate its own viral DNA into the bacterial genome, instead of
destroying the chromosome
TRUE or FALSE.
In specialized transduction, the transducer temperate phage picks up a piece of the host DNA at the immediate vicinity if its
established prophase site (and generally leaves behind a comparable length of its own).
TRUE
Generalized transduction -bacteriophage infect bacteria -> replicated and destroy gene
• 100% pure bacterial gene
Specialized - lysogenic muna
• Phage -> bacteria
• But instead of destroy, incorporate its gene into the bacterial DNA and lie dormant for a while
• When the circumstance permits, that’s when it replicates -> splice its
gene from the bacterial gene
• Cut a portion of its gene with a portion of the bacterial gene
True bc temperate phage cuts a part of its DNA and the bacterial DNA
Which of the following refers to the observable physical properties of an organism?
a. Heredity
b. Genotype
c. Phenotype
C
