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Pharmacology > Bacterial, fungal + viral infections > Flashcards

Bacterial, fungal + viral infections Flashcards

1
Q

Cell wall synthesis inhibitor for bacterial infections

A

Amoxicillin (beta-lactam)

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2
Q

Amoxicillan MOA/adverse effects

A
  • cell wall synthesis inhibitor via inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis
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3
Q

Cell membrane synthesis inhibitor for bacterial infections

A

Polymyxins
- vancomycin
- roxithromycin

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4
Q

Vancomycin/roxithromycin MOA/adverse effects

A
  • cell membrane synthesis inhibitors via inhibiting synthesis of phospholipid bilayer
  • unfavourable selective toxicity in humans as cell membranes also made out of phospholipids
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5
Q

Protein synthesis inhibitors for bacterial infection

A

Doxycycline (tetracycline)
Gentamicin (aminoglycoside)

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6
Q

Doxycycline + gentamicin MOA/adverse effects

A
  • inhibits protein synthesis via targeting 30s ribosome subunits
  • gentamicin has ototoxicity + nephrotoxicity
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7
Q

Metabolite synthesis inhibitors for bacterial infections

A
  • sulfamethoxazole
  • trimethoprim
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8
Q

Sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim MOA/adverse effects

A

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor (pathway to produce DNA/RNA)

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9
Q

DNA/RNA synthesis inhibitor for bacterial infection

A

Ciprofloxacin (fluroquinolone)

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10
Q

Ciprofloxacin MOA/adverse effects

A

Inhibits DNA gyrase or topoisomerase

  • tendonitis
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11
Q

Cell membrane synthesis inhibitors for fungal infections

A

Terbinafine (allylamine)
Clotrimazole (imidazole)
Fluconazole (imidazole)

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12
Q

Terbinafine MOA/adverse effects

A

Inhibits squalene epoxidase + stops pathway

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13
Q

Clotrimazole/fluconazole MOA/adverse effects

A

Inhibits 14a-demethylase + stops pathway

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14
Q

Fusion inhibitor for viral infections

A

Enfuvirtide

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15
Q

Enfuvirtide MOA/adverse effects

A

prevents viral spike from binding to receptor on cell membrane

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16
Q

Entry inhibitor for viral infection

A

Maraviroc

17
Q

Maraviroc MOA/adverse effects

A

Binds to specific receptor on human cell membrane to prevent virus from binding

  • neutropenia
18
Q

Integration inhibitor for viral infection

A

Raltegravir

19
Q

Raltegravir MOA/adverse effects

A

Binds to end of viral genome - inhibits integration into human DNA

  • increase liver enzymes / rash
20
Q

Replication inhibitor for viral infection

A

Acyclovir

21
Q

Acyclovir MOA/adverse effects

A

Binds to end of DNA, resulting in chain termination

  • nausea + headache
22
Q

Assembly inhibitor for viral infection

A

Forsamprenavir

23
Q

Forsamprenavir MOA/adverse effects

A

protease inhibitor - breaks down enzyme responsible for assembly of virions

  • increase liver enzymes / rash
24
Q

Release inhibitor for viral infection

A

Oseltamivir

25
Q

Oseltamivir MOA/adverse effects

A

Neuraminidase inhibitor - fully packaged virus cannot escape human host cell

nausea + headache

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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