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Pharmacology > Asthma + COPD > Flashcards

Asthma + COPD Flashcards

1
Q

Short term beta-2 agonist for asthma + COPD

A

Salbutamol

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2
Q

Salbutamol mechanism / adverse effects

A
  • bronchodilation of airways
  • relaxes bronchial smooth muscle
  • tachycardia + hypertension, tremor
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3
Q

Long term beta-2 agonist for asthma + COPD

A

Formoterol

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4
Q

Formoterol MOA/side effects

A
  • causes bronchodilation by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle
  • palpations, tremor, hyperglycaemia
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5
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid for asthma + COPD

A

Fluticasone

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6
Q

Fluticasone MOA/side effects

A
  • decrease number of inflammatory cells in airways + reduces swelling
  • oral thrush due to immunosuppression
  • dysphonia
  • adrenal suppression + diabetes (long term)
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7
Q

What is a leukotrine receptor antagonist for asthma

A

Monteleukast

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8
Q

Monteleukast MOA/side effects

A
  • binds to leukotrine receptor (instead of leukotrine) limiting bronchoconstriction, mucus hypersecretion, airway oedema + eosinophil recruitment
  • nightmares + hallucinations
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9
Q

What mAbs are used to reduce allergic asthma

A
  • omalizumab (anti-IgE)
  • dupilumab (IL-3/4 inhibitor)
  • benralizumab (IL-5 inhibitor)
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10
Q

Omalizumab MOA/adverse effects

A
  • binds to part of IgE antibody that would normally degranulate a mast cell -> no histamines released
  • reactions at injection site
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11
Q

Dupilumab MOA/adverse effects

A
  • binds to interleukins thereofre stopping IgE production + eosinophil recruitment
  • stops airway remodelling
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12
Q

Benralizumab MOA

A
  • blocks IL-5 receptor therefore reducing eosinophil production + survival
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13
Q

What are long acting and short acting muscarinic antagonists for poorly controlled asthma + COPD

A

short acting = ipratropium
long acting = tiotropium

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14
Q

Ipratropium MOA/adverse effects

A
  • blocks muscarinic receptors in lungs therefore causing bronchodilation + reduces mucus hypersecretion
  • dry mouth/throat irritation
  • dizziness
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15
Q

Tiotropium MOA/adverse effects

A
  • blocks M3 receptors in lungs therefore causing brocnhodilation + reducing mucus hypersecretion
  • dry mouth/throat
  • dizziness
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Pharmacology (13 decks)

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