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PBD FINAL > Bacteria V > Flashcards

Bacteria V Flashcards

1
Q

trench fever

A

bartonella qunitana

-lice spread

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2
Q

fever, headache, backache, rash, leg pain, relapses

A

trench fever

-bartonella quintana

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3
Q

cat scratch fever

A

bartonella henselae
-fever and malaise

bacillary angiomatosis

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4
Q

bacillary angiomatosis

A

proliferation of small vessels in skin of AIDS patients

  • with bartonella henselae
  • cat scratch fever
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5
Q

Q fever

A

coxiella burnetti

  • fever, sweats, pneumonia
  • NO rash
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6
Q

fever, sweats, pneumonia - NO rash

A

Q fever - coxiella burnetti

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7
Q

human ehrlichiosis

A

like rocky mtn spotted but no rash

-from tick bite

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8
Q

gram - corkscrew

A

spirochetes

-treponema, leptosira, borrelia

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9
Q

syphilis

A

treponema pallidum

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10
Q

stages of syphilis

A

primary - painless chancre
secondary - bacteremia and rash palms, soles, oral cavity and condyloma latum (wart like lesions)
latent - asymptomatic
tertiary - 6-40 years later - gummas, cardio sx, neurosyphilis

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11
Q

neurosyphilis

A

in tertiary stage

  • subacute meningitis
  • meningovascular
  • tabes dorsalis - ataxia, lose DTRs
  • general paresis - psychosis
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12
Q

arsyll robertson pupil

A

constricts during accomodation, not with light

in syphilis

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13
Q

saddle nose, saber shins, mulberry molars, teeth

A

congenital syphilis

-late stage

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14
Q

congenital syphilis

A

early - infected pregnant woman, rash, condyloma latum, runny nose

late - saddle nose, saber shins, molars and teeth, 8th nerve deafness

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15
Q

diagnosis of syphilis

A

darkfield microscopy

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16
Q

VDRL and RPR tests

A

nonspecific - lipids released during syphilis infection

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17
Q

FTA-ABS test

A

specific - for treponema infection - syphilis

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18
Q

syphilis rules of 6’s

A 
6 axial filaments
6 week intubation
6 weeks to heal ulcer
6 weeks to secondary
66% latent resolves
6 years to tertiary
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19
Q

jarish herxhemier phenomenon

A

worsening of symptoms with start of antibiotics

-release of pyrogen

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20
Q

treponema pallidum endemicum

A

endemic syphilis (bejel)

  • africa middle east
  • skin ulcers with gummas
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21
Q

treponema pallidum pertenue

A

yaws

  • moist tropics
  • gangosa - face disfigurement
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22
Q

yaws

A

gangosa - face disfigurement

-treponema pallidum pertenue

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23
Q

bejel

A

endemic syphilis

  • treponema pallidum endemicum
  • africa and middle east
  • skin ulcers with gummas
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24
Q

pinta

A

treponema pallidum cardeum

latin america
-red lesion > blue > white

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25
Q

treponema pallidum cardeum

A

latin america

  • pinta
  • red lesion > blue > white
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26
Q

lyme disease

A

borrelia burgdorferi

  • number one cause of tick-borne illnes in US
  • ixodes tick
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27
Q

stahes of lyme disease

A

early localized - erythema chronicum migrans - spreads from bite site

early disseminated - skin, NS, heart, joints, lesions on body, CN palsies, peripheral neuropathy, cardiac abnormalities

late - chronic arthritis

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28
Q

relapsing fever

A

borrelia recurrentitis

  • fever, chills, HA, muscle aches
  • resolve 3-6 days
  • relapse after 8 days

relapse - antigen variation

29
Q

long thin spirochetes

A

leptospira

30
Q

weils disease

A

renal failure, hepatic jaundice, altered LOC

-leptospira interrogena interohemorrhagic

31
Q

leptospira interrogans

A

2 phases

  • 1 - leptospiremic - fever, HA, malaise, muscle aches
  • 2 - immune - meningisums, WBCs in CSF, IgM antibodies
32
Q

acid fast

A

mycobacterium

33
Q

acid fast stain

A

resist decolorization with alcohol

  • hold fast to red stain
  • not acid fast - lost red take on blue

1 - carbolfuschin - red, heated
2 - acid alcohol
3 - couterstain methylene blue

lipids - don’t dissolve when alcohol applied - red stays

34
Q

tuberculosis

A

mycobacterium tuberculosis

35
Q

lipid in acid fast organisms

A

mycolic acid

36
Q

cord factor

A

mycoside formed by union by 2 mycolic acids and disaccharide

37
Q

sulfatides

A

like cord factor - with sulfates

38
Q

wax D

A

mycoside adjuvant

39
Q

TB path

A

1 - local infiltrate of neutros and M0s
-phagocytosed bacteria not killed

2 - local destruction and necrosis - caseous
-soft caseous center, surrounded by M0s, multinucleated giant cells, fibroblasts, collagen deposits (granuloma)

40
Q

PPD skin test

A

for TB

  • reveal whether or not person has been infected
  • considered to have latent TB
41
Q

false positive PPD skin test

A

BCG (bacillus calmette guerin) vaccine for TB

42
Q

false negative test

A

anergic individuals

-lack normal immune reponse

43
Q

primary TB

A

inspired droplets - enter macrophages

  • walled off in caseous granulomas
  • fibrosis, calcification, scar formation
  • form tiny tubercles
44
Q

ghon focus

A

calcified tubercle in middle or lower lung zone

45
Q

symptomatic primary TB

A

children, elderly, immunocompromised

  • organisms not suppressed
  • enlarged mediastional or hilar nodes

severe - holes in lungs form
-become fluid filled

46
Q

secondary TB

A

reactivation

  • often in AIDS patients
  • affect multiple organ systems:

pulmonary - most commons - apical areas around clavicles
-low grade fever, night sweats, weight loss, productive cough

  • pleural and pericardial infection - fluid around heart/lung
  • lymph node infection - cervical lymph noes - swell/mat together - scrofula
  • kidney - red and white blood cells in urine - no bacteria
  • skeletal - potts disease - destroys IV discs and bodies
  • CNS - granulomas and meningitis
  • miliary TB - tiny disseminated tubercles
47
Q

scrofula

A

node TB infection

48
Q

sterile pyuria

A

RBC and WBC in urine, but no bacteria on gram stain

with TB
-mycobacterium tuberculosis

49
Q

Potts disease

A

destroyed IV discs and bodies with TB

mycobacterium tuberculosis

50
Q

diagnosis of active TB

A

acid fast stain of sputum

51
Q

rule of 5s with TB

A

droplet nuclei 5 micrometers
5% risk of reacivation in first 2 years then 5% lifetime risk
-HIV - 5+5% risk of reactivation each year

52
Q

hansens disease

A

leprosy

-mycobacterium leprae

53
Q

impossible to grow on artifical media - only on footpads

A

mycobacterium leprae

54
Q

affects cooler areas of body

A

mycobacterium leprae

-skin, nerves, eyes, nose, testes

55
Q

lepromatous leprosy

A

severest form (no cell mediated response)

  • skin lesions all over body
  • face skin thickened - leonine facies
  • saddlenose deformity
  • testicular damage - infertility
  • loss of sensation - glove and stocking distribution

negative skin test

56
Q

skin lesions all over body, face skin thickened, saddlenose deformity, testicular damage, blindness, glove and stocking loss of sensation

A

lepromatous leprosy

57
Q

tuberculoid leprosy

A

can mount cell-mediated response
-localized superficial unilateral skin and nerve involvement

positive skin test

58
Q

1 or 2 skin lesions
-hypopigmented and elevated blotches, hairless, dimished sensation

-enlarged nerve neark lesion

A

tuberculoid leprosy

59
Q

mycobacterium avium complex

A

MAC

  • common in AIDS with T cells < 50
  • unexplained fever, weight loss, diarrhea, malaise, elevation alkaline phosphatse
60
Q

unexplained fever, weight loss, diarrhea, malaise, elevated alkaline phosphatase

A

mycobacterium avium complex

61
Q

bacteria without cell walls

A

mycoplasm

62
Q

mycoplasma pneumonia

A

bronchitis and pneumonia

63
Q

number one cause of bacterial bronchitis and pneumonia in teenagers and young adults

A

mycoplasm pneumonia

64
Q

gradual onset of fever, sore throat, malaise, persistent dry hacking cough, but don’t feel had

A

walking pneumonia

-mycoplasm pneumonia

65
Q

stevens-johnson syndrome

A

severe skin reaction with erythematous vesicles and bullae over mucocutaneous junctions of mouth, eyes, skin

complication with mycoplasm pneumonia

66
Q

cold agglutinins

A

mycoplasma pneumonia
-IgM - against I antigen

put blood in tube - put on ice - should clump
-warm up - not clumped anymore

67
Q

mycoplasm culture

A

fried egg appearance

68
Q

ureaplasma urealyticium

A

mycoplasma T strain

urea-lytic

69
Q

urethritis in sexually active young women

A

ureaplasma urealyticium
-metabolize urea into ammonia and CO2

-also, n. gonorrhea and c. trachomatis

PBD FINAL (10 decks)

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