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Micro EXAM > Bacteria Report > Flashcards

Bacteria Report Flashcards

1
Q

Single celled microbes

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

The cell structure is simpler than the other organism as there is no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

A

Bacteria

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3
Q

Some bacteria have an extra circle of genetic material.

A

Plasmid

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4
Q

Often contains genes that give bacterium some advantage over other bacteria. For example, it may contain a gene that makes the bacterium resistant to a certain antibiotic.

A

Plasmid

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5
Q

These are dormant structures, which are extremely resistant to hostile physical and chemical conditions such as heat, UV radiation and disinfectants.

A

Endospores

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6
Q

Producing bacteria are nasty pathogen. Cause of anthrax

A

Bacillus Anthracis

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7
Q

Caused by a pathogenic infection of the lungs and may present as a primary disease process or as the final, fatal disorder primarily in an individual who is already debilitated.

A

Bacterial Pneumonia

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8
Q

Typically can enter the lung with inhalation, through they can reach the lung through the bloodstream if other parts of the body are infected.

A

Bacteria and Fungi

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9
Q

Rust colored sputum

A

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

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10
Q

May produce green sputum

A

Pseudomonas, Haemophilus and pneumococcal species

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11
Q

Red currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella Species Sputum

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12
Q

Often produce foul smelling or bad tasting sputum

A

Anaerobic Infections

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13
Q

Signs of bacterial pneumonia

A 
Hyperthermia
Tachypnea
Use of accessory respiratory muscles
Tachycardia
Central Cyanosis
Altered mental status
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14
Q

The mainstay of treatment of bacterial pneumonia

A

Antibiotic Therapy

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15
Q

May be employed as a means of noninvasive ventilation in patients with hypercarbia

A

Bi-level positive airway pressure

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16
Q

Mainly grow in the lungs, but they can infect other parts of the body.

A

Tuberculosis

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17
Q

Bacterial infection that can pass through the air between people.

A

Tuberculosis

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18
Q

When it affects the lungs, the medical name for this is ____________.

A

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

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19
Q

Advance form of the disease that develops when the bacteria spread through the bloodstream to infect organs beyond the lungs.

A

Miliary TB

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20
Q

Granulomatous infection that is chiefly transmitted through droplets.

A

Tuberculosis

21
Q

Remains the primary tool for the laboratory diagnosis for tuberculosis.

A

Sputum Smear Microscopy

22
Q

It requires simple laboratory facilities, and when performed correctly, has a role in rapidly identifying infectious cases.

A

Sputum Smear Microscopy

23
Q

Treatment for Tuberculosis

A

Isoniazid Rifampin Pyrazinamide Either ethambutol or Streptomycin

24
Q

A respiratory tract infection characterized by a paroxysmal cough.

A

Pertussis (Whooping cough)

25
Q

The most common causative organism, though has also been associated with this condition in humans.

A

Bordetella Pertussis

26
Q

Gram negative coccobacillus that adheres to ciliated respiratory epithelial cells.

A

Bordetella

27
Q 
Nasal Congestion
Rhinorrhea
Sneezing
Low grade fever
Tearing
Conjunctival Suffusion
A

Stage 1 - Catarrhal Phase

28
Q

Paroxysms of intense coughing lasting up to several minutes, occassionally followed by a loud whoop.
Posttussive vomiting and turning red with coughing.

A

Stage 2 - Paroxysmal Phase

29
Q

Chronic cough, which may last for weeks.

A

Stage 3 - Convalescent Stage

30
Q

Best done from nasopharyngeal specimens collected during the first 2 weeks of cough when viable bacteria are still present in the nasopharynx.

A

Culture

31
Q

Have high specificity, they particularly useful in confirming the pertussis diagnosis when outbreak is suspected.

A

Culture

32
Q

Rapid test with excellent sensitivity; however, test can vary in specificity. It is therefore recommended to obtain culture confirmation for at least one case for any suspicion of a pertussis outbreak.

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction

33
Q

For high concentrations of antibodies against the pertussis toxin or other components of Bordetella pertussis.

A

Serology Tests

34
Q

More useful among patients who do not seek medical care until several weeks into the illness.

A

Serology Tests

35
Q

Have developed a serologic assay that has been extremely useful confirming pertussis diagnosis, especially during suspected outbreaks.

A

CDC and FDA

36
Q

An ear infection is an infection of the middle ear, the air filled space behind the eardrum that contains the tiny vibrating bones of the ear.

A

Otitis Media

37
Q

Presents with thick, amber-colored fluid in the middle ear space and a retracted tympanic membrane on otoscopic examination.

A

Chronic Serous Otitis Media

38
Q

A painful type of ear infection. It occurs when the area behind the eardrum called the middle ear becomes inflamed and infected.

A

Acute otitis media

39
Q

Associated with multiple systemic diseases and congenital syndromes.

A

Otitis Media

40
Q

Should be provided when necessary, including to pre-verbal children with behavioral manifestation of pain.

A

Analgesia

41
Q

Oral analgesics, are usually effective; weight-based doses are used for children.

A

Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen

42
Q

Relieve symptoms quicker and may reduce the chance of residual hearing loss and labrythine or intracranial sequelae.

A

Antibiotics

43
Q

May be done for a bulging tympanic membrane, particularly if severe or persistent pain, fever, vomiting, or diarrhea is present.

A

Myringotomy

44
Q

An exotoxin mediated disease that occurs most often in association with a sore throat and rarely with impetigo or other streptococcal infections.

A

Scarlet Fever

45
Q

It is characterized by sore throat, fever, a strawberry tongue, and a fine sandpaper rash over the upper body that may spread to cover almost the entire body.

A

Scarlet fever

46
Q

Rash looks like a sunburn and feels like a sandpaper. It typically begins on the face or neck and spreads to the trunk, arms and legs. If pressure is applied to the reddened skin, it will turn pale.

A

Red rash

47
Q

The folds of skin around the groin, armpits, elbows, knees and neck usually become deeper red than the surrounding rash.

A

Red lines

48
Q

Treatment for scarlet fever

A

Antibiotic Therapy

Micro EXAM (5 decks)

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