Bacteria Pathophysiology

Question 1

Shigella

Answer 1

Shigella invades GI mucosa by access to M cells in Peyer’s patches, moving laterally into epithelial cells (requires very few organisms for infection)

Question 2

EHEC (Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli - 0157:H7)

Answer 2

Endothelial swelling and luminal narrowing caused by SLT leads to mechanical hemolysis

Question 3

ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. Coli) - Type 1

Answer 3

Increased Cl- secretion leads to H20 efflux from GI tract

Question 4

ETEC (Enterotoxigenic E. Coli) - Type 2

Answer 4

Decreased resorption of NaCL and H20 in the gut

Question 5

Yersinia Enterocolitica

Answer 5

Invades gut mucosa

Question 6

Bacillus anthracis

Answer 6

Contact or inhalation of spores

Question 7

Vibrio cholerae

Answer 7

Increased Cl- secretion in the gut with H20 efflux

Question 8

Bordetella Pertussis

Answer 8

Toxin causes edema and impairs phagocytosis permitting survival of microbe; toxin may not actually cause cough

Question 9

Clostridium Tetani

Answer 9

Prevention of release of GABA and glycine inhibitor neurotransmitters from renshaw cells in spinal cord

Question 10

Clostridium botulinum

Answer 10

Prevention of release of Ach (stimulatory) signals at NMJ

Question 11

Mycobacterium leprae

Answer 11

Infection of skin and superficial nerves

Question 12

EIEC (Enteroinvasive E. Coli)

Answer 12

Invasion of intestinal mucosa causing necrosis and inflammation

Question 13

EPEC (Enteropediatric E. Coli)

Answer 13

Adhesion to apical surface, flattens villi, preventing absorption

Question 14

Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 14

Microbe colonizes nasopharynx