Bacteria in periodontal disease

Question 1

3 prerequisties for periodontal disease initiation and progression

Answer 1

1. The virulent periodontal pathogens
2. Local environment (grow in low oxygen levels)
3. Host susceptibility (smoking, diabetes, immunosuppression).

Question 2

Primary etiological factor of periodontal disease

Answer 2

Dental biofilm

Question 3

Dental biofilm 3 steps

Answer 3

1. formation of acquired pellicle on tooth by adhesion of salivary glycoproteins
2. Adhesion of pioneer microbial species producing extrapolysaccharies (promotes accumulation of different species)
3. Late colonisers are predominantly periodontal pathogens (P.gingivalis, P.intermedia)

Question 4

Nutrients of:
Supragingival calculus
Subgingival calculus

Answer 4

Diet, saliva
GCF

Question 5

What environment is supra gingival and subgingival calculus

Answer 5

Higher oxygen tension - aerobes
Lower oxygen tension - aerobes

Question 6

What two things progress to periodontitis

Answer 6

Host and bacteria

Question 7

An “established lesion” can last for many years, a change from an “advanced lesion” marks a transition of a successful ………..

Answer 7

host response to pathological mechanism “periodontitis”

Question 8

Neutrophils are present throughout initial lesion, established and advanced lesion what is the difference in an “advanced lesion”

Answer 8

The location of the neutrophils: they form a wall within the junctional epithelium

Question 9

Bacteria in a form of …….. is required for an ………. response that instigates the ……. response which can lead to …….. ………

Answer 9

plaque
inflammatory
host
tissue damage

Question 10

Most tissue damage in periodontal disease is …….. ……..

Answer 10

host mediated

Question 11

4 major risk factors for progressive periodontitis

Answer 11

• smoking
• diabetes
• genetics
• specific bacteria