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Antibiotics > Bacteria Classification > Flashcards

Bacteria Classification Flashcards

1
Q

gram +
encapsulated
releases IgA protease

A

steptococcus pneumoniae

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2
Q 
group A Beta-hemolytic strep
gram +
bacitracin sensitive
releases erythrogenic toxin
causes:Scarlet fever, rheumatic heart disease, impetigo
A

streptococcus pyogenes

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3
Q

Group B beta-hemolytic strep
gram +
bacitracin resistant
causes: pneumonia, sepsis, meningitiis in babies

A

steptococcus agalactiae

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4
Q

gram +
catalase/coagulase +
releases super antigen that causes toxic shock syndrome

A

staphylococcus aureaus

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5
Q

gram +cocci
catalse +/ coagulase -
novobiocin sensitive
infects prosthetic devices and catheters

A

staphylococcus epidermidis

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6
Q

gram +
catalse +
novobiocin resistant
affects prostitutes

A

staphylococcus saphyticus

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7
Q

gram +

vaginal vault

A

lactobacillus species

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8
Q

gram + anaerobic
affects newborns and older patients ( over 65yr-causes meningitis
add ampicillin

A

listeria monocytogenes

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9
Q

gram + bacilli
has high lips content in cell wall
requires acid fast stain
affects immunocompromised patients particularly HIV/AIDS pts with CD4 counts <50 cells/mm3

A

mycobacterium avium complex

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10
Q 
gram + bacilli
inhibits release of Ach at NMJ
botox 
causes constipation and paralysis
treat with trivalent antitoxin
A

clostridium botulinum

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11
Q

gram + bacilli
exo toxin blocks glycine release from Renshaw cells
give anti-toxin
TDP vaccine

A

clostridium tetani

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12
Q

causes myconecrosis and hemolysis

A

clostridum perfringens

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13
Q

gram +
produces cytotoxin that klills entrerocyte
associated with Clinda/Lincomycin use
treatment: flagyl for mild-mod infection
vanco PO for severe +/- IV flagyl
fidaxomicin

A

clostridium difficile

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14
Q

Ex of gram neg cocci

A

neisseria meningitidis
neisseria gonorrhea
moraxilla catarrhalis

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15
Q

3 causes of meningitis for 60 yr +

A

step pneumonia
e.coli
listeria monocytogenes

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16
Q

3 causes of meningitis for newborns

A

group B step
e.coli
listeria monocytogenes

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17
Q

3 causes of meningitis for children 6months-6 yrs

A

strep pneumonia
neisseria meningitidis
haemophilus influenza type B

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18
Q

3 atypical organism

A

chlamydia pneumonia
legionella pneumophila
mycoplasma pneumoniae

19
Q

Organisms that cause pneumonia in alcoholics

A

strep. pneumonia
klebsiella pneumonia
staph areus

20
Q

4 ex of encapsulated bacteria

A

streptococcus pneumonia
neisseria meningitidis
haemophilus influenza
klebsiella

21
Q

aerobic gram -

causes upper/lower reap infection, CAP, otitis media

A

Haemophilus influenza

22
Q

gram - aerobic
associated with burns, cystic fibrosis, otitis externs, ventilators, hot-tub folliculitis
produces pyocyanin-blue-green color

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

23
Q

gram - aerobic
intracellular
requires silver stain in lab
give macroglydes

A

legionella pneumophila

24
Q

walking pneumonia is caused by?

**use macrocodes or tetracycline

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

25
Q

4 causes of cellulitis

A

staph aureaus
staph epidermitis
strep pyogenes
candida albicans

26
Q

travelers diarrhea

A

enterotoxigenic e.coli

27
Q

causes HUS

from uncooked beef

A

e.coli 0157: H7

28
Q

gram - rod
transmitted fecal-oral
associated with GBS
treat with azitromycin

A

campylobacter jejuni

29
Q

comma-shaped rods
causes rice water diarrhea
produces enterotoxin that permanently activates Gs
treatment: doxycycline or FGs

A

vitro cholerae

30
Q

enterocolitis in children-daycare
causes granulomatous microabscesses-stimulate “acute appendicitis” (pseudo appendicitis)
treatment: Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

A

yersinia enterocolitica

31
Q

are enzymes that confer resistance to most beta-lactam abx

A

extended beta-lactamases

32
Q 
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bordatella pertussis 
Legionella pneumophila
Haemophilus influenza
Acinetobacter baumannii/calcoaceticus
Serratia marcescens-facultative anaerobe
A

Gram negative bacilli

Aerobic

33
Q

Cellulitis MSSA treated with

A

Dicloxacillin
Nafcillin
Cephalexin

34
Q

Treat strep pyogenes cellulitis with

A

Pcn, cephalexin, erythromycin, Vanco

35
Q

Treatment of vibrio cholerae

A

Doxycycline or FQs

36
Q

Treatment of yersinia enterocolitica (daycare)

A

TMP/SMX

37
Q

4 Cause of meningitis in 6yr-60 yrs

A

N. Meningitidis
Enterovirus
Strep pneumoniae
HSV

38
Q

This bacteria produces extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) that cause resistance to cephs and aztreonam

A

Klebsiella species

Susceptible to carbapenems

39
Q

Mechanism of resistance of MRSA

A

Produce Pcn binding protein 2A (encoded by mecA gene) that reduces the affinity for beta lactam abx

40
Q

Hospital acquired MRSA are resistant to

A 
Macro glides 
Aminoglycosides
FQs 
Tetracyclines
Sulfinamides
41
Q

IV Drugs for HA-MRSA

A 
Vanco
Telavancin
Daptomycin
Zyvox
Quinopristin-dalfopristin
Tigercycline
Ceftaroline
42
Q

Po drugs for mrsa

A 
Minocycline
Doxycycline
TMP/SMX +RIf
Clindamycin
Zyvox
43
Q

IV drugs for multi drug resistant pseudomonas aeroguinosa

A 
Amino glycosides 
Zosyn
Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid
Ceftrazidime
Cefepime
Imipenem/cilastatin
Meropenem
Doripenem
Colistin-given via nebulizer
44
Q

Po drugs for MDR pseudo aeroguinosa

A

Norfloxacin
Ofloxacin
Cipro
Levaquin High doses

Antibiotics (7 decks)

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