Bacteria

Question 1

Strep.

Answer 1

Gram positive cocci

Question 3

Neisseria.

Answer 3

Gram negative cocci

Question 4

Flagellum

Answer 4

Proteins, motility

Question 5

Pilus/fimbria

Answer 5

Glycoproteins, adherence to cell surface or conjugation

Question 6

Spore

Answer 6

Keratin-like coat, dipicolinic acid, peptidoglycan, DNA; gram positive only; resist heat, dehydration, chemicals

Question 7

Capsule

Answer 7

Organized, discrete polysaccharide layer; protects against phagocytosis

Question 8

Glycocalyx

Answer 8

Mediate adherence to surfaces, especially foreign

Question 9

Outer membrane-outer leaflet

Answer 9

Contains endotoxin–lipid A induces TNF and IL-1; antigenic O polysaccharide component
Gram negative only

Question 10

Outer membrane-embedded proteins

Answer 10

Porins and other outer membrane proteins (OMPs)

Most are antigenic

Question 11

Outer membrane-inner leaflet

Answer 11

Phospholipids

Question 12

Periplasm

Answer 12

Space between cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane
Gram negative only
Accumulates components exiting gram negative cells, including hydrolytic enzymes (beta-lactamases)

Question 13

Cell wall

Answer 13

Peptidoglycan
Thick = retain crystal violet dye (+)
Thin = red or pink with counter stain (-)

Question 14

Cytoplasmic membrane

Answer 14

Phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins and enzymes
Ex. Penicillin binding protein (involved in cell wall synthesis)
Site of oxidation and transport enzymes
Lipoteichoic acid

Question 15

Lipotheichoic acid

Answer 15

Gram positive only
Membrane to exterior
Induce TNF-alpha and IL-1

Question 16

Five pleomorphic bacteria

Answer 16

NO cell wall
Anaplasma
Ehrlichia
Chlamydiae
Rickettsia
Mycoplasma

Question 17

Three spirochetes

Answer 17

Borrelia
Leptospira
Treponema

Question 18

Enterococcus.

Answer 18

Gram positive cocci

Question 19

Moraxella catarrhalis.

Answer 19

Gram negative cocci

Question 20

Bacillus.

Answer 20

Gram positive rod

Question 21

Clostridium.

Answer 21

Gram positive rod

Question 22

Corynebacterium.

Answer 22

Gram positive rod

Question 23

Gardnerella.

Answer 23

Gram variable rod

Question 24

Lactobacillus.

Answer 24

Gram positive rod

Question 25

Listeria.

Answer 25

Gram positive rod

Question 26

Mycobacterium.

Answer 26

Acid fast rod

Question 27

Propionibacterium.

Answer 27

Gram positive rod

Question 28

Bacteroides.

Answer 28

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 29

Campylobacter.

Answer 29

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 30

E. coli.

Answer 30

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 31

Enterobacter.

Answer 31

Enteric gram negative rod.

Question 32

Fusobacterium.

Answer 32

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 33

Helicobacter.

Answer 33

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 34

Klebsiella.

Answer 34

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 35

Proteus.

Answer 35

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 36

Pseudomonas.

Answer 36

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 37

Salmonella.

Answer 37

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 38

Serratia.

Answer 38

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 39

Shigella.

Answer 39

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 40

Vibrio.

Answer 40

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 41

Yersinia.

Answer 41

Enteric gram negative rod

Question 42

Bordetella.

Answer 42

Respiratory gram negative rod

Question 43

Burkholderia cepacia.

Answer 43

Respiratory gram negative rod

Question 44

Haemophilus.

Answer 44

Respiratory gram negative rod

Question 45

Legionella.

Answer 45

Respiratory gram negative rod

Question 46

Bartonella.

Answer 46

Zoonotic gram negative rod

Question 47

Brucella.

Answer 47

Zoonotic gram negative rod

Question 48

Francisella.

Answer 48

Zoonotic gram negative rod

Question 49

Pasteurella.

Answer 49

Zoonotic gram negative rod

Question 50

Two branching filamentous bacteria

Answer 50

Actinomyces Nocardia Gram positives

Question 51

Two bad gram stainers-too thin

Answer 51

Treponema | Leptospira

Question 52

Bad gram stainer-high lipid content cell wall

Answer 52

Mycobacterium

Question 53

Two Bad gram strainer-no cell wall

Answer 53

Mycoplasma | Ureaplasma

Question 54

Six Bad gram stainers-intracellular

Answer 54

``` Legionella Rickettsia Chlamydia-lack peptidoglycan because of decreased muramic acid Bartonella Anaplasma Ehrlichia ```

Question 55

Five Giemsa stain

Answer 55

``` Chlamydia Borrelia Rickettsia Trypanosomes Plasmodium ```