Bacteria Flashcards
Staphylococcus aureus
Gram Positive Cocci (clusters) Facultative located normally: Nose, skin endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, catheter associated infection Toxic shock-super antigen pathogenicity: adhesins, invasins, Digest tissue (produces toxin known as leukocidin which disgests tissue and pokes holes in the membrane) Biofilm from animal bite wounds
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Gram Positive Cocci (clusters) facultative located normally: Skin, Vaginia foreign body associated infection biofilm (glycocalyx)
streptococcus pyogenes
Gram Positive cocci (chains) microaerophilic located normally: Oropharynx Beta-Hemolytic (complete hemolysis) lancefield group A streptococci superantigen
Streptococcus agalactiae
Gram Positive cocci (chains) microaerophilic located normally: Vagina, Gut diabetic extremity infection, sepsis Beta- Hemolytic (complete hemolysis) lancefield group B streptococci Capsule
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram Positive cocci (pairs) facultative located normally: Nasopharynx community acquired pneumonia, meningitis Alpha- Hemolytic (partial hemolysis) capsule VACCINE
Streptococcus Bovis
Gram Positive cocci facultative/microaerophilic important infection: endocarditis Gamma Hemolytic (non-hemolytic) lancefield group D
Enterococcus Faecalis
Gram Positive cocci facultative located normally: Gut common infection: UTI, intra-abdominal infection, endocarditis more common than enteroccocus faecium Group D gamma hemolytic
Enterococcus faecium
facultative cocci Gram Positive cocci facultative located normally: Gut common infection: UTI, intra-abdominal infection, endocarditis Group D gamma hemolytic
Peptostreptococcus
Gram Positive cocci
Anaerobic
located normally: Oropharynx, Gut
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Gram Positive Bacilli Obligate Aerobe Acid fast bacteria Factors that contribute to virulence: Mycolic acid, wax, cord factor, arabinogalactans, and sulfolipids. TB prevent phagocytic killing
bacillus anthracis, B. subtilis, B. Cereus
Gram Positive Bacilli Aeroobic/ Facultative Found in: soil, contaminated food wound infections/ food poisoning spore formers (heat and drug resistant) VACCINE increase the release of cytokines inhibits phagocytosis B. anthracis has capsule made of polyglutamate
Corynebacterium diptheriae
Gram Positive Bacilli Aeroobic/ Facultative located normally: nasopharyngeal Diptheria Turns off protein synthesis VACCINE from human bite wounds
corynebacterium jekium
Gram Positive Bacilli Aeroobic/ Facultative Found in: skin, gut, vagina Opportunistic infection from human bite wounds
listeria monocytogenes
Gram Positive coccobacilli Aeroobic/ Facultative meningitis Comes from animals (zoonosis) Opportunistic infection biofilm prevent phagocytic killing
Clostridium botulinum
Gram Positive Bacilli Anaerobic located: contaminated food spore former decreases the release of NT
clostridium difficile
Gram Positive Bacilli Anaerobic located: Gut spore former ADR to antibiotic
Clostridium perfringens
Gram Positive Bacilli Anaerobic located: Gut gas gangrene spore former
Clostridium tetani
Gram Positive Bacilli Anaerobic located: soil tetanus spore former VACCINE
propionibacterium acnes
Gram Positive Bacilli
Anaerobic
located: skin
Acinetobacter
Gram Negative Coccobacilli
oxidase-negative
located: oropharynx, skin
nosocomial Opportunistic Infection
Moraxella catarrhalis
Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
oxidase positive
located: Nasopharnyx
meningitis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
oxidase positive
STD
pili
Neisseria meningitides
Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli oxidase positive located: nasopharynx meningitis VACCINE capsule
Eikenella corrodens
Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
located: Oropharynx
important infection: clenched fist
from human bite wounds
Escherichia coli
Gram Negative bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative can oxidize or ferment glucose Enterobacteriacea- "Normals" microflora siderophores Disrupts Gs Proteins pili zoonosis
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
capsule
MDR
Enterobacter cloacae
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
Citrobacter freundii
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
Morganella morganii
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgari
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
Endotoxins
Providencia stuartii
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
Serratia marcescens
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora
Salmonella enterica
Gram Negative Bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative Enterobacteriacea- "Non Normals"- Infection typhoid fever VACCINE Capsule siderophores pili #1 killer of people in food borne illness zoonosis
Shigella Flexneri
Gram Negative Bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative Enterobacteriacea- "Non Normals"- Infection dysentery Resistant to gastric acid
Yersinia enterocolitica
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Non Normals”- Infection
Yersinia pestis
Gram Negative Bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative Enterobacteriacea- "Non Normals"- Infection plague VACCINE zoonosis
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Gram Negative Bacilli Obligate Aerobe common cause of infection: nosocomial pneumonia Oxidize glucose RTI biofilm Turns off protein synthesis
Burkholderia cepacia
Gram Negative Bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative Oxidize glucose Rare rods with polar flagella
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Gram Negative Bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative Oxidize glucose Opportunistic infection Rare rods with polar flagella
Alcaligenes xyloxidans
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Opportunistic infection
Campylobacter jejun
Gram Negative Bacilli
microaerophilic
comes from animals (zoonosis)
Helicobacter pylori
Gram Negative Bacilli
microaerophilic
causes peptic ulcer disease
Resistant to gastric acid
Gardnerella vaginalis
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
infection: vaginosis
Haemophilus Influenza
Gram Negative Coccobacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
located: Nasopharynx
VACCINE
capsule
Haemophilus ducreyi
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
STD
Brucella melitensis
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from animals
Bordetella pertussis
Gram Negative Coccobacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
VACCINE
inhibits phagocytosis
Francisella tularensis
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from animals
bioterrorism
Pasteurella multocida
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from animals (bite wounds)
Legionella pneumophilia
Gram Negative Coccobacilli Aerobic/ Facultative contaminated water legionnaire's disease prevent phagocytic killing
Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus
Gram Negative Bacilli Aerobic/ Facultative comes from sewage contaminated water/shellfish (zoonosis) VACCINE (cholera) Disrupts Gs Proteins
B. fragilis
Gram Negative Bacilli Anaerobic Located: Gut Produce Beta Lactamases from human bite wounds and animal bite wounds
P. Bivia, P. disiens
Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located: Vagina
P. melaniogenica, P. denticola, P. disiens, P. intermedia, P. oralis, P. oris
Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located:Oropharynx
fusobacterium nucleatum
Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located:Oropharynx, Gut
Actinomyces israelii
Gram Negative- Atypical
Location: Oropharynx
Family:Actinomyetes
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Gram Negative- Atypical
Location: Oropharynx
Family: Chlamydia
Chlamydia trachomatis
Gram Negative- Atypical Family:Chlamydia STD obligate intracellular pathogen outside of the US it is the greatest cause of blindness
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Gram Negative- Atypical Location: Oropharynx, Gut Family: Mycoplasma (lack cell wall) causes pneumonia highly pleiomorphic
Ureaplasma urealyticum
Gram Negative- Atypical
Location: Vagina
Family: Mycoplasma
UTI
Rickettsia rickettsii
Gram Negative- Atypical Family: Rickettsiaceae Obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotic cells comes from animals (tick vector) rocky mountain spotted fever
Bartonella henselae
Gram Negative- Atypical Family: Rickettsiaceae Obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotic cells comes from animals cat scratch fever
Coxiella burnetti
Gram Negative- Atypical Family: Rickettsiaceae obligate intracellular pathogen of eukaryotic cells comes from animals Q fever
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Rickettsiaceae
Obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotic cells
comes from animals (tick)
Borrelia burgdorferi
Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Spirochetes
comes from animals (tick)
lyme disease
coiled morphology with motility via axial filament
Treponema pallidum
Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Spirochetes
STD- syphilis
coiled morphology with motility via axial filament