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Bugs and drugs- Test 1 > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A 
Gram Positive Cocci (clusters)
Facultative
located normally: Nose, skin
endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, catheter associated infection
Toxic shock-super antigen
pathogenicity: adhesins, invasins, Digest tissue (produces toxin known as leukocidin which disgests tissue and pokes holes in the membrane)
Biofilm
from animal bite wounds
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2
Q

Staphylococcus epidermidis

A 
Gram Positive Cocci (clusters)
facultative
located normally: Skin, Vaginia
foreign body associated infection
biofilm (glycocalyx)
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3
Q

streptococcus pyogenes

A 
Gram Positive cocci (chains)
microaerophilic
located normally: Oropharynx
Beta-Hemolytic (complete hemolysis)
lancefield group A streptococci
superantigen
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4
Q

Streptococcus agalactiae

A 
Gram Positive cocci (chains)
microaerophilic
located normally: Vagina, Gut
diabetic extremity infection, sepsis
Beta- Hemolytic (complete hemolysis)
lancefield group B streptococci
Capsule
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5
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A 
Gram Positive cocci (pairs)
facultative
located normally: Nasopharynx
community acquired pneumonia, meningitis
Alpha- Hemolytic (partial hemolysis)
capsule
VACCINE
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6
Q

Streptococcus Bovis

A 
Gram Positive cocci
facultative/microaerophilic
important infection: endocarditis
Gamma Hemolytic (non-hemolytic)
lancefield group D
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7
Q

Enterococcus Faecalis

A 
Gram Positive cocci
facultative
located normally: Gut
common infection: UTI, intra-abdominal infection, endocarditis
more common than enteroccocus faecium
Group D
gamma hemolytic
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8
Q

Enterococcus faecium

A 
facultative
cocci
Gram Positive cocci
facultative
located normally: Gut
common infection: UTI, intra-abdominal infection, endocarditis
Group D
gamma hemolytic
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9
Q

Peptostreptococcus

A

Gram Positive cocci
Anaerobic
located normally: Oropharynx, Gut

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10
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Obligate Aerobe
Acid fast bacteria 
Factors that contribute to virulence: Mycolic acid, wax, cord factor, arabinogalactans, and sulfolipids.
TB
prevent phagocytic killing
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11
Q

bacillus anthracis, B. subtilis, B. Cereus

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Aeroobic/ Facultative
Found in: soil, contaminated food
wound infections/ food poisoning
spore formers (heat and drug resistant)
VACCINE
increase the release of cytokines
inhibits phagocytosis
B. anthracis has capsule made of polyglutamate
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12
Q

Corynebacterium diptheriae

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Aeroobic/ Facultative
located normally: nasopharyngeal
Diptheria 
Turns off protein synthesis
VACCINE
from human bite wounds
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13
Q

corynebacterium jekium

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Aeroobic/ Facultative
Found in: skin, gut, vagina
Opportunistic infection
from human bite wounds
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14
Q

listeria monocytogenes

A 
Gram Positive coccobacilli
Aeroobic/ Facultative
meningitis
Comes from animals (zoonosis)
Opportunistic infection 
biofilm
prevent phagocytic killing
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15
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Anaerobic
located: contaminated food
spore former
decreases the release of NT
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16
Q

clostridium difficile

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Anaerobic
located: Gut
spore former
ADR to antibiotic
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17
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Anaerobic
located: Gut
gas gangrene
spore former
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18
Q

Clostridium tetani

A 
Gram Positive Bacilli
Anaerobic
located: soil
tetanus
spore former
VACCINE
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19
Q

propionibacterium acnes

A

Gram Positive Bacilli
Anaerobic
located: skin

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20
Q

Acinetobacter

A

Gram Negative Coccobacilli
oxidase-negative
located: oropharynx, skin
nosocomial Opportunistic Infection

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21
Q

Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
oxidase positive
located: Nasopharnyx
meningitis

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22
Q

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
oxidase positive
STD
pili

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23
Q

Neisseria meningitides

A 
Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
oxidase positive
located: nasopharynx
meningitis
VACCINE
capsule
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24
Q

Eikenella corrodens

A

Gram Negative Cocci/ Coccobacilli
located: Oropharynx
important infection: clenched fist
from human bite wounds

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25
Q

Escherichia coli

A 
Gram Negative bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
can oxidize or ferment glucose
Enterobacteriacea- "Normals" microflora
siderophores
Disrupts Gs Proteins
pili
zoonosis
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26
Q

Klebsiella pneumoniae

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

capsule
MDR

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27
Q

Enterobacter cloacae

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

28
Q

Citrobacter freundii

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

29
Q

Morganella morganii

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

30
Q

Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgari

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

Endotoxins

31
Q

Providencia stuartii

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

32
Q

Serratia marcescens

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Normals” microflora

33
Q

Salmonella enterica

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- "Non Normals"- Infection
typhoid fever
VACCINE
Capsule
siderophores
pili
#1 killer of people in food borne illness
zoonosis
34
Q

Shigella Flexneri

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- "Non Normals"- Infection
dysentery
Resistant to gastric acid
35
Q

Yersinia enterocolitica

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- “Non Normals”- Infection

36
Q

Yersinia pestis

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Enterobacteriacea- "Non Normals"- Infection
plague
VACCINE
zoonosis
37
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Obligate Aerobe
common cause of infection: nosocomial pneumonia
Oxidize glucose
RTI
biofilm
Turns off protein synthesis
38
Q

Burkholderia cepacia

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Oxidize glucose
Rare
rods with polar flagella
39
Q

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Oxidize glucose
Opportunistic infection
Rare
rods with polar flagella
40
Q

Alcaligenes xyloxidans

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
Opportunistic infection

41
Q

Campylobacter jejun

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
microaerophilic
comes from animals (zoonosis)

42
Q

Helicobacter pylori

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
microaerophilic
causes peptic ulcer disease
Resistant to gastric acid

43
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
infection: vaginosis

44
Q

Haemophilus Influenza

A

Gram Negative Coccobacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
located: Nasopharynx
VACCINE

capsule

45
Q

Haemophilus ducreyi

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
STD

46
Q

Brucella melitensis

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from animals

47
Q

Bordetella pertussis

A

Gram Negative Coccobacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
VACCINE
inhibits phagocytosis

48
Q

Francisella tularensis

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from animals
bioterrorism

49
Q

Pasteurella multocida

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from animals (bite wounds)

50
Q

Legionella pneumophilia

A 
Gram Negative Coccobacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
contaminated water
legionnaire's disease
prevent phagocytic killing
51
Q

Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Aerobic/ Facultative
comes from sewage contaminated water/shellfish (zoonosis)
VACCINE (cholera)
Disrupts Gs Proteins
52
Q

B. fragilis

A 
Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located: Gut
Produce Beta Lactamases
from human bite wounds and animal bite wounds
53
Q

P. Bivia, P. disiens

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located: Vagina

54
Q

P. melaniogenica, P. denticola, P. disiens, P. intermedia, P. oralis, P. oris

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located:Oropharynx

55
Q

fusobacterium nucleatum

A

Gram Negative Bacilli
Anaerobic
Located:Oropharynx, Gut

56
Q

Actinomyces israelii

A

Gram Negative- Atypical
Location: Oropharynx
Family:Actinomyetes

57
Q

Chlamydia pneumoniae

A

Gram Negative- Atypical
Location: Oropharynx
Family: Chlamydia

58
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

A 
Gram Negative- Atypical 
Family:Chlamydia
STD
obligate intracellular pathogen
outside of the US it is the greatest cause of blindness
59
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A 
Gram Negative- Atypical 
Location: Oropharynx, Gut
Family: Mycoplasma (lack cell wall)
causes pneumonia
highly pleiomorphic
60
Q

Ureaplasma urealyticum

A

Gram Negative- Atypical
Location: Vagina
Family: Mycoplasma
UTI

61
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A 
Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Rickettsiaceae
Obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotic cells
comes from animals (tick vector)
rocky mountain spotted fever
62
Q

Bartonella henselae

A 
Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Rickettsiaceae
Obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotic cells
comes from animals
cat scratch fever
63
Q

Coxiella burnetti

A 
Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Rickettsiaceae
obligate intracellular pathogen of eukaryotic cells
comes from animals
Q fever
64
Q

Ehrlichia chaffeensis

A

Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Rickettsiaceae
Obligate intracellular parasite of eukaryotic cells
comes from animals (tick)

65
Q

Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Spirochetes
comes from animals (tick)
lyme disease

coiled morphology with motility via axial filament

66
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Gram Negative- Atypical
Family: Spirochetes
STD- syphilis

coiled morphology with motility via axial filament

Bugs and drugs- Test 1 (7 decks)

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