Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgical Specialties: Orthopaedics > Back Pain Conditions > Flashcards

Back Pain Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the cause of simple lower back pain?

A

Muscular strain or degenerative disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is this a presentation of?

Lower back pain with normal neurological exam and no nerve root signs.

A

Simple lower back pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the treatment for simple lower back pain?

A

Self-limiting, physio, analgesia, keep warm, CBT, diazepam if spasm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is this a presentation of?

Weak hallux extension, reduced sensation over dorsum of foot.

A

L4/L5 disc prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is this a presentation of?

Calf pain, weak plantarflexion, reduced sensation of sole and back of calf, reduced ankle jerk.

A

L5/S1 disc prolapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is suspected disc prolapse investigated?

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the treatment for disc prolapse?

A

Early mobilisation, analgesia, physio, self-limiting, discectomy in continuing pain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which discs most commonly prolapse and what exacerbates pain?

A
  1. L4/L5 and L5/S1

2. Sneezing and coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is spondylolisthesis and where does it commonly happen?

A
  1. Forward displacement of one lumbar vertebrae on one below.
  2. Usually L5 onto S1
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is this a presentation of?

Adolescent with back pain with/without sciatica, hamstring tightness causing a waddling gait.

A

Spondylolisthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is suspected spondylolisthesis investigated?

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the treatment for spondylolisthesis?

A

Curative treatment involves spinal fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What causes lumbar spinal stenosis?

A

Typically facet joint osteoarthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is this a presentation of?
Back pain with lower leg pain, worse on walking, aching/heaviness in one or both legs, pain on extension (prefer to walk uphill and cycle), few CNS signs.

A

Lumbar spinal stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is suspected lumbar spinal stenosis investigated?

A

MRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the treatment for lumbar spinal stenosis?

A

Decompressive laminectomy

17
Q

What are the causes of inflammatory back pain?

A

Ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, SLE

18
Q

What is this a presentation of?
Onset of back pain over months, early morning stiffness, pain improves with activity, worsens on rest, other system involvement.

A

Inflammatory back pain (spondyloarthropathies)

19
Q

What is this a presentation of?

Localised back pain following trauma or background of osteoporosis.

A

Vertebral fracture

20
Q

How is a suspected vertebral fracture investigated?

A

Plain x-ray

21
Q

What are the causes of a spinal tumour?

A
  1. Primary
  2. Secondary to breast, lung, thyroid, prostate, kidney cancer commonly.
  3. Secondary to lymphoma or myeloma
22
Q

What is this a presentation of?

LMN signs in upper half of body and UMN signs and sensory loss in lower half, bowel and bladder dysfunction.

A

Spinal tumour

23
Q

How is a suspected spinal tumour investigated?

A
  1. Identify causative cancer

2. Plain x-ray, MRI, CT

24
Q

What is the treatment for a spinal tumour?

A

Refer to neurosurgery

25
Q

What is the cause and what are the risk factors for pyogenic spine infection?

A
  1. Secondary to other septic foci

2. Diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, urinary catheterisation

26
Q

What is this a presentation of?

Pain episodically with movement restricted by spasm, no fever, no tenderness, no raised WCC, raised ESR.

A

Pyogenic spine infection

27
Q

How is a suspected pyogenic spine infection investigated?

A
  1. X-ray

2. Technetium bone scan and MRI better

28
Q

What is the treatment for pyogenic spine infection?

A

IV vancomycin and IV cefotaxime for 6 weeks (staphylococcal usually)

29
Q

What is Pott’s disease and where does it occur?

A
  1. Spinal TB

2. Most commonly T10-L1

30
Q

What is this a presentation of?
Young adult, systemic symptoms (potential HIV infection), gradual onset localised back pain, stiffness of all back movements.

A

Pott’s disease (spinal TB)

31
Q

How is suspected Pott’s disease (spinal TB) investigated?

A
  1. ESR, culture synovial fluid/bone

2. MRI, x-ray for pulmonary TB

32
Q

What is the treatment for Pott’s disease (spinal TB)?

A

6 months of rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide.

Surgical Specialties: Orthopaedics (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions