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Anatomy > Back Muscles > Flashcards

Back Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Shape of the Levator Scapulae

A

Strap-Like

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2
Q

What is the location of the Levator Scapulae

A

Deep to Trapezius

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3
Q

What is the Origin of the Levator Scapulae

A

Posterior Tubercles of TVP’s C1-C4 Vertebrae

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4
Q

What is the Insertion of the Levator Scapulae

A

Medial Border of the Scapula, Superior to the root of the Scapula Spine (superior angle)

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5
Q

What are the Actions of the Levator Scapula

A
  • Scapular Elevation & Inferior Rotation
  • Bilateral: C/S Extension
  • Unilateral: Ipsilateral Side Flexion & Rotation of C/S
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6
Q

What is the Shape of Rhomboid Major

A

Broad Band

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7
Q

How much wider is Rhomboid Major to Rhomboid Minor

A

3-4 times

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8
Q

Where is the Location of Rhomboid Major

A

Deep to Trapezius

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9
Q

What is the Origin of Rhomboid Major

A

SP’s of T2-T5 Vertebrae

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10
Q

What is the Insertion of Rhomboid Major

A

Medial Border of Scapula from Root of the Spine - Inferior Angle

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11
Q

What are the Actions of Rhomboid Major & Minor

A
  • Retract Scapula
  • Inferior Rotation of Scapula
  • Stabilize Scapula
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12
Q

What is the Origin of Rhomboid Minor

A
  • Nuchal Ligament

- SP’s of C7-T1 Vertebrae

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13
Q

What is the Shape of the Trapezius

A

Very Large Diamond with 3 Parts

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14
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of the 3 Parts of Trapezius

A
  • Upper Traps - Descending - Inferolateral
  • Middle Traps - Transverse - Horizontal
  • Lower Traps - Ascending - Superolateral
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15
Q

What are the Origins of the Trapezius

A
  • Inion
  • Medial 1/3 of Superior Nuchal Line
  • Ligamentum Nuchae
  • SP’s of C7-T12 Vertebrae
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16
Q

What are the Insertions of the Trapezius

A
  • Lateral 1/3 of Clavicle
  • Acromion
  • Spine of Scapula
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17
Q

What are the Actions of the Upper Trapezius

A
  • Elevate Scapula
  • Bilateral: C/S Extension
  • Unilateral: Ipsilateral Flexion & Contralateral Rotation of C/S
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18
Q

What is the Action of the Middle Trapezius

A

Retract Scapula

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19
Q

What is the Action of the Lower Trapezius

A

Depress Scapula

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20
Q

What is the Shape of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Large, Fan-Shaped

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21
Q

Where is the Location of the Latissimus Dorsi

A
  • Lower 1/2 of Back

- Upper Fibres Deep to Trapezius

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22
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Superolateral

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23
Q

What are the Origins of the Latissimus Dorsi

A
  • SP’s of T7-T12
  • Thoraculumbar Fascia
  • Iliac Crest
  • Inferior 3/4 Ribs
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24
Q

What is the Insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Floor of Bicipital Groove of Humerus

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25
Q

What is the Action of the Latissimus Dorsi

A

Extends, Adducts & Medially Rotates the Humerus

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26
Q

What is the Shape of the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Small, Thin & Flat

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27
Q

Where is the Location of the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Junction of Neck & Back; Deep to Rhomboids

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28
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Inferolateral

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29
Q

What is the Origin of the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

SP’s of C7-T3

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30
Q

What is the Insertion of the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Superior Border of Ribs 2-4

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31
Q

What is the Action of the Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Elevate Ribs

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32
Q

What is the Shape of the Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Small, Thin & Flat

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33
Q

Where is the Location of the Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Junction of Thorax & Lumbar Region (low back)

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34
Q

What is the Origin of Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

SP’s of T11-L2

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35
Q

What is the Insertion of Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Inferior Border of Ribs 8-12

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36
Q

What are the Actions of Serratus Posterior Inferior

A
  • Respiration

- Depress Ribs

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37
Q

What is the Shape of Splenius Capitis

A

Thin, Strap-Like

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38
Q

What is the Shape of Splenius Cervicis

A

Thin, Strap-Like

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39
Q

Where is the Location of Splenius Capitis

A

Posterior Aspect of C/S

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40
Q

Where is the Location of Splenius Cervicis

A

Posterior Aspect of C/S

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41
Q

What the is Fibre Direction of Splenius Capitis

A

Superolateral

42
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of Splenius Cervicis

A

Superolateral

43
Q

What are the Origins of Splenius Capitis

A
  • Inferior Part of Nuchal Ligament

- SP’s of C7-T4 Vertebrae

44
Q

What are the Insertions of Splenius Capitis

A
  • Mastoid Process

- Lateral 1/3 of Superior Nuchal Line

45
Q

What are the Actions of Splenius Capitis

A
  • Bilateral: Extension of C/S & AO Joint
  • Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of C/S & AO Joint
  • Ipsilateral Rotation of C/S & AO Joint
46
Q

What is the Origin of Splenius Cervicis

A

SP’s of T3-T6 Vertebrae

47
Q

What is the Insertion of Splenius Cervicis

A

Posterior Tubercles of TVP’s C1-C4 Vertebrae

48
Q

What are the Actions of Splenius Cervicis

A
  • Bilateral: Extension of C/S
  • Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of of C/S
  • Ipsilateral Rotation of C/S & AA Joint
49
Q

What are the Superficial Back Muscles

A
  • Trapezius
  • Levator Scapula
  • Rhomboid Major & Minor
  • Latissimus Dorsi
50
Q

Which Back Muscles are in the Extrinsic; Intermediate Layer

A
  • Serratus Posterior Superior

- Serratus Posterior Inferior

51
Q

Which Back Muscles are in the Superficial Intrinsic Layer

A
  • Splenius Capitis

- Splenius Cervicis

52
Q

Which Back Muscles are in the Intermediate Intrinsic Layer

A
  • Erector Spinae
    • Iliocostalis
    • Longissimus
    • Spinalis
53
Q

What is the Shape of Iliocostalis

A

Long, Strong Bands

54
Q

What is the Location of Iliocostalis

A

Parallel of the Vertebral Column

3 Segments: Lumborum, Thoracis & Cervicis

55
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of Iliocostalis

56
Q

What are the Origins of the Iliocostalis

A
  • Posterior Iliac Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia
  • Posterior Sacrum
  • Sacroiliac Ligament
  • Sacral & Lumbar SP’s
  • Supraspinous Ligament
57
Q

What are the Insertions of Iliocostalis

A
  • Superiorly to Angles of Ribs

- C/S TVP’s C4-C6

58
Q

What are the Actions of Iliocostalis

A
  • Bilateral: Extension of Spine & Neck
59
Q

What is the Shape of Longissimus

A

Long, Strong Bands

60
Q

What is the Location of Longissimus

A

Parallel to the Vertebral Column

3 Segments: Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis

61
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of Longissimus

62
Q

What are the Origins of Longissimus

A
  • Posterior Iliac Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia
  • Posterior Sacrum
  • Sacroiliac Ligament
  • Sacral & Lumbar SP’s
  • Supraspinous Ligament
63
Q

What are the Insertions of Longissimus

A
  • Superiorly to Ribs between Tubercles and Angles
  • T/S & C/S TVP’s
  • Mastoid Process of Temporal Bone
64
Q

What are the Actions of Longissimus

A
  • Bilateral: Extension of Spine & Neck

- Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Spine

65
Q

What is the Shape of Spinalis

A

Long, Strong Bands

66
Q

What is the Location of Spinalis

A

Parallel to the Vertebral Column

3 Segments: Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis

67
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of Spinalis

68
Q

What are the Origins of Spinalis

A
  • Posterior Iliac Crest via Thoracolumbar Fascia
  • Posterior Sacrum
  • Sacroiliac Ligament
  • Sacral & Lumbar SP’s
  • Supraspinous Ligament
69
Q

What are the Insertions of Spinalis

A
  • T/S SP’s

- Occiput between Superior & Inferior Nuchal Line

70
Q

What are the Actions of Spinalis

A
  • Bilateral: Extension of Spine & Neck

- Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Spine

71
Q

Which Muscles are in the Deep Intrinsic Layer

A
  • Semispinalis
  • Multifidus
  • Rotatores
72
Q

What is the Shape of Semispinalis

73
Q

What is the Location of Semispinalis

A

Parallel to Spine, Deep to Erector Spinae

3 Segments: Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis

74
Q

What is the Fibre Direction of Semispinalis

A

Superomedial

75
Q

What are the Origins of the Semispinalis

A
  • TVP’s

- C4-T12 Vertebrae

76
Q

What are the Insertions of the Semispinalis

A
  • Occipital Bone (Capitis)

- SP’s in T/S & C/S spanning 4-6 segments

77
Q

What are the Actions of the Semispinalis

A
  • Extend Head, T/S & C/S

- Contralateral Rotation of Head, T/S & C/S

78
Q

What is the Shape of the Multifidus

A

Short Muscles

79
Q

What is the Location of the Multifidus

A
  • Parallel to Spine; Deep to Erector Spinae

- Thickest in Lumbar Spine

80
Q

What are the Origins of the Multifidus

A
  • Sacrum & Ilium
  • PSIS
  • Sacroiliac Ligament
  • TVP’s L5-C4
81
Q

What are the Insertions of the Multifidus

A
  • SP’s 2-4 segments superior
82
Q

What are the Actions of the Multifidus

A
  • Bilateral: Extension of Spine
  • Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Spine
  • Contralateral Rotation of Spine
  • Stabilize Vertebrae
83
Q

What is the Shape of the Rotatores

84
Q

What is the Location of the Rotatores

A
  • Parallel to Spine; Deep to Erector Spinae

- 2 Segments: Brevis & Longus

85
Q

What is the Origin of the Rotatores

86
Q

What are the Insertions of the Rotatores

A
  • Brevis: SP of Vertebrae above

- Longus: SP of Vertebrae 2 Segments above

87
Q

What are the Actions of the Rotatores

A
  • Stabilize Spine
  • Local Extension
  • Contralateral Rotation
  • Proprioception
88
Q

What is the Innervation of Spinalis

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

88
Q

What is the Innervation of Rhomboid Major

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

88
Q

What is the Innervation of Multifidus

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

89
Q

What is the Innervation of Serratus Posterior Superior

A

2nd and 5th Intercostal Nerves

90
Q

What is the Innervation of Levator Scapula

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

91
Q

What is the Innervation of Rotatores

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

92
Q

What is the Innervation of Latissimus Dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

93
Q

What is the Innervation of Rhomboid Major

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

94
Q

What is the Innervation of Longissimus

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

95
Q

What is the Innervation of Iliocostalis

A

Posterior Rami of Spinal Nerves

96
Q

What is the Innervation of Semispinalis

A

Dorsal Rami of Spinal Nerves

97
Q

What is the Innervation of Splenius Cervicis

A

Posterior Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves

98
Q

What is the Innervation of Splenius Capitis

A

Posterior Rami of Cervical Spinal Nerves

99
Q

What is the Innervation of Trapezius

A

Accessory Nerve (CNXI, Cranial Nerve)

100
Q

What is the Innervation of Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Anterior Rami T9-T12 Spinal Nerves

Anatomy (30 decks)

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