Bac Structure/Function Flashcards
LTA
lipotechoic acid, Gram positive
Staphylococcus
gram positive
Streptococcus
gram positive
Bacillus
gram positive
Peptidoglycan cell wall and outer membrane
gram negative
very thick peptidoglycan cell wall
gram positive
LPS and endotoxin
gram negative
O-antigen
gram negative
more likely to have pili
gram negative
Escherichia and E. coli
gram negative
most spirochetes
gram negative
no cell wall, pleomorphic
Mycoplasma spp
acid fast bacilli
Mycobacterium spp (TB)
Mycoplasma vs Mycobacterium
No cell wall and simple structures on outside vs has cell wall and thick waxy outer membrane-like surface with mycolic acid and unusual sugars
Strepto
chain
Staphylo
cluster
LPS structure contains:
Lipid A, stacked sugars (core sugars +/- repeating O antigen)
Endotoxin is the same as
Lipid A
Envelope
everything from plasma membrane outwards, but not including extracellular polysaccharide capsule
Capsule
slimy gelatinous surface structure
What holds capsule to cell?
Covalent bonds, not physically anchored
What is main function of capsule?
Anti-phagocytosis
Minor function: protection
Disease causing microbes that have a capsule are often what?
Invasive fungi like pneumonia or meningitis
Pili vs flagellum functions?
Pili mediate attachment to host cells, exchange genetic info, twitch mobility, and biofilm formation; flagellum are for locomotion
Pili vs flagellum structure?
Pili made of pilin subunits; Flagellum made of flagellin subunits (H-antigen) attached to motor
H-antigen is AKA…
Flagellin
O-antigen is AKA…
saccharides in LPS
