B9.4- Metabolism And The Liver

Question 1

What is metabolism?

Answer 1

= Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell or in the body.

Question 2

Give some metabolic reactions.

Answer 2

• Photosynthesis
• Breakdown of protein in the live to form urea
• Respiration
• Conversion of glucose to starch

Question 3

Whta is metabolic rate?

Answer 3

=The speed at which chemical reactions take place in the body

Question 4

What are factors that affect metabolic rate?

Answer 4

• Age
• gender
• fat to muscle proportion
• Body weight/size
• Exercise levels

Question 5

What is one of the functions of the liver?

Answer 5

=To filter blood.

Question 6

One of the functions of the liver is to filter the blood, which two sources does the blood travel from?

Answer 6

=blood flows to the liver through the hepatic artery from the heart and the hepatic portal vein which flows from the small intestine.

Question 7

What does the liver do with carbohydrates that have been brought from the small intestine?

Answer 7

=The liver breaks down the carbohydrates into sugars.

sugar can be stored in the liver or used moved out into the blood and delivered to the respiring cells.

Question 8

What types of substances does the liver synthesise? (4)

Answer 8

=The liver synthesises (makes) many substances including blood plasma proteins, cholesterol, vitamin D and bile.

Question 9

How does the liver deal with toxins that it detects in the

bloodstream? (2)

Answer 9

-it removes it or converts it into a substance that will not ham the body or it will isolate it and ensure that it is excreted in the urine via the kidneys.

Question 10

What is the role of bile?

Answer 10

=Bile is made from toxic substances
it is essential in digestion for aiding the break down of fats, neutralising stomach acid and destroying harmful microbes.

Question 11

What is the hepatic artery rich in?

Answer 11

=Oxygen

Question 12

What is the hepatic portal vein rich in?

Answer 12

=in glucose and amino acids.

Question 13

What happens to the lactic acid in the liver?

Answer 13

=It gets converted into glucose.

Question 14

When is lactic acid made?

Answer 14

=During anaerobic respiration as a waste product.

Question 15

What happens to the lactic acid?

Answer 15

=Blood from the muscle transports the lactic acid to the liver where it will be converted too glucose. This is oxygen debt being re-payed.
If glucose is not needed the liver will convert the lactic acid into glycogen and store it until it is needed.

Question 16

What happens to the lactic acid if glucose is not needed?

Answer 16

=If glucose is not needed the liver will convert the lactic acid into glycogen and store it until it is needed.

Question 17

What happens to the glucose after it has just been converted by the liver?

Answer 17

=It gets taken away by the blood to be used by respiring blood tissues in respiration for energy release.