B5.1 Flashcards
Name 4 features of Prokaryotes.
- Has no membrane around the nucleus
- Smaller than Eukaryote (up to 10x to 100x smaller than Eukaryotes)
- The DNA is not enclosed in the nucleus
- Is a single-celled organism
- Has NO mitocondria
Name 5 features of Eukaryotes
- Is larger than Prokaryotes
- Has a cell membrane bound nucleus
- Has mitocondria
- DNA is enclosed in the nucleus
- is a multi-cellular organism
Define health
Health is “the state of physical, mental and social well-being.”
Define communicable diseases
Communicable diseases are diseases that can be spread to a person from another person, an animal or object.They are usually caused by pathogens.
Give examples of communicable diseases
The flu Common cold Chicken pox Tuberculosis HIV Malaria Pneumonia Hepatitis
Give ways a communicable disease could potentially be spread
Direct contact with contaminated person, can also be through sexual intercourse
Water (dirty unhygienic)
Airborne droplets
Ways to prevent transmission of communicable disease
Masks -prevents airborne droplets
Isolation if infected - avoids physical contact with others
Good hygiene- regularly washing hands to cleanse bacteria.
Get vaccinated (if vaccine is available)
Define non-communicable diseases
Non-communicable disease is a disease that can NOT be spread from person to person.
Give examples of non-communicable diseases
Cancer Asthma Allergies Diabetes Heart Disease
What are pathogens?
Pathogens are these are microorganisms (like viruses, bacteria, fungi and protists) that can infect animals and plants and cause diseases.
What is a healthy organism ?
A “healthy organism” is one that is functioning as it should be, both physically and mentally
What is a disease?
A “disease” is anything that impairs the normal function of an organism and can broadly be described as “communicable” (can be caught or spread) or “non-communicable” (cannot be spread, e.g. an inherited condition).
Define Risk Factor
Risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease.
Define Incidence
Incidence is the number of people diagnosed with a particular disease in a particular population of people at a particular time.
Define Prevalence
Prevalence: The number of people who have a particular condition, regardless of whether they were just diagnosed, or even whether they’ve been diagnosed at all.
