B9 - Respiration Flashcards
define term cellular respiration
- exothermic reaction
- occurs continuously in mitochondria
- release energy from glucose
what do organisms need energy for
- chemical reactions to build larger molecules
- muscle contraction for movement
- keeping warm
word equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water
word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles
glucose–> lactic acid
why does aerobic respiration release more energy then anaerobic respiration
oxidation of glucose is complete in aerobic respiration whereas it is incomplete in anaerobic respiration
what is anaerobic respiration called in yeast cells
fermentation
word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide
how does body supply muscles with more oxygenated blood in exercise
heart rate, breathing rate, breath volume increases
what substance builds up in muscles during anaerobic respiration
lactic acid
what happens to muscles during long periods of activity
muscles become fatigued and stop contracting efficiently
what is oxygen debt
amount of oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid and remove it from the cells
how is lactic acid removed from the body
lactic acid in muscles –> blood transports to liver –> lactic acid is reacted with oxygen and is converted back to glucose
what is metabolism
sum of all reactions in a cell or body
