B9 - Respiration

Question 1

What happens during aerobic respiration

Answer 1

glucose reacts with oxygen to get energy for cells

Question 2

What type of reaction is aerobic respiration

Answer 2

exothermic

Question 3

What is the equation for aerobic respiration (word )

Answer 3

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)

Question 4

What is the symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ energy)

Question 5

Where does anaerobic respiration happen

Answer 5

cytoplasm

Question 6

Where does aerobic respiration happen

Answer 6

mitochondria

Question 7

How are the mitochondria adapted for respiration

Answer 7

folded membrane with large surface area for diffusion, has enzymes for aerobic respiration

Question 8

Why is respiration needed

Answer 8

for energy to build things, muscle contraction, homeostasis, active transport

Question 9

How is glucose stored in the muscles

Answer 9

as glycogen

Question 10

What happens when you exercise (respiration)

Answer 10

more oxygen and glucose needed for more energy
- heart rate increases
- arteries dilate, increasing blood flow to muscles
- breathing rate increases
- glycogen turns back into glucose

-

Question 11

How does
- volume of heart
- volume of blood pumped each beat
- resting breathing rate
- resting pulse rate
differ between a fit and unfit person

Answer 11

(for unfit person)
- volume is smaller
- pulse rate is higher
- breathing rate is higher
- less blood is pumped per beat

Question 12

When does anaerobic respiration happen

Answer 12

when there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration

Question 13

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 13

glucose -> lactic acid (+ energy)

Question 14

What is the symbol equation for anaerobic respiration

Answer 14

C6H12O6 -> 2C3H6O3 (+ energy)

Question 15

What happens when lactic acid builds up in the muscles

Answer 15

• oxygen debt
• muscle fatigue

Question 16

Why do you continue to breath heavily after stopping exercise

Answer 16

to repay oxygen debt

Question 17

Where does lactic acid become glucose again

Answer 17

in the liver

Question 18

How does change in breathing rate differ amongst a fit and unfit person during exercise

Answer 18

unfit will increase more quickly
- after exercise stops, unfit will take longer to return to normal

Question 19

What is the anaerobic respiration of yeast called
- what is it used for

Answer 19

fermentation
- bread and alcoholic drinks

Question 20

What is theword equation for respiration in plants and yeast

Answer 20

glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+ energy)

Question 21

What is the metabolism of an organism

Answer 21

the sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell or body

Question 22

What are some common metabolic reactions

Answer 22

glucose -> starch, cellulose and glycogen

forming lipids
forming amino acids
respiration
photosynthesis
breakdown of proteins to make urea

Question 23

What are four common functions of the liver

Answer 23

detoxifying poisons e.g. ethanol in alcohol

• passing breakdown products into blood so it can be excreted as urine
• breaking down old blood cells and storing iron to synthesise new ones
• removing lactic acid

Question 24

What are the three main blood vessels in the liver and what are their functions

Answer 24

hepatic vein - blood from liver to heart

hepatic artery - oxygenated blood to the liver
hepatic portal vein - blood with digested food from intestines to liver