B8.011 Imaging of the Female GU

Question 1

what is a septate uterus

Answer 1

mallerian duct anomaly
partial or complete failure of resorption of the uterovaginal septum after fusion of the mullerian ducts
endometrial canals are completely separated by tissue isoechoic to myometrium with extension into endocervical canal

Question 2

complications of septate uterus

Answer 2

leads to increased rate of pregnancy loss

commonly associated with renal anomalies

Question 3

other mullerian duct anomalies

Answer 3

unicornate (just one opening to fallopian tube)
arcuate (mildest form of septum, no complications)
bicornuate (like septate, but with an abnormal fundus)
didelphys (2 separate uteri)

Question 4

normal formation of uterus

Answer 4

complete fusion of mullerian ducts and complete regression of the septum interposed between the fused ducts

Question 5

imagining findings in ovarian cancer

Answer 5

large ovarian mass
greater omental caking (metastatic)
ascites

Question 6

epidemiology of ovarian cancer

Answer 6

5th most common malignancy in women
-leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer
peak incidence 40-65
75% present with peritoneal metastatic disease at initial presentation

Question 7

risk factors for ovarian cancer

Answer 7

nulliparity
family history
use of fertility drugs

Question 8

pathophys of ovarian cancer

Answer 8

vast majority arise from the epithelial surface

elevated levels of serum tumor marker CA-125 in 90%

Question 9

characterization of adnexal mass in ovarian cancer

Answer 9

solid-cystic complex mass
wall irregularity
thick septations and papillary projections in a cystic lesion
large size