B8 and B9 Photosynthesis and Respiration

Question 1

What is the word equation for Photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon dioxide + Water — Glucose + Oxygen

light and chlorophyll

Question 2

What is the word equation for Aerobic Respiration?

Answer 2

Glucose + Oxygen — Carbon Dioxide + Water

\energy

Question 3

Why does anaerobic respiration produce less energy that aerobic respiration?

Answer 3

• In anaerobic respiration, the oxidation of glucose is incomplete, releasing less energy than aerobic respiration, in which the glucose is fully oxidised

Question 4

Is Respiration an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

Answer 4

Exothermic - It’s releasing energy to its surroundings

Question 5

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells?

Answer 5

Glucose — Ethanol + Carbon Dioxide

\energy

Question 6

What word is used to describe the process of anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?

Answer 6

Fermentation

Question 7

What’s the symbol equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 7

C6H12O6 + O2 —– CO2 + H2O

\ energy

Question 8

What’s the symbol equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

Answer 8

C6H12O6 ——- Lactic acid (C3H6O3)

Question 9

Describe how the ventilation system changes during exercise

Answer 9

Breathing rate and breathing volume increase, allowing the athlete to breathe more air in at a faster rate

Question 10

Describe how the heart changes during exercise

Answer 10

The heart rate increases, which is the number of beats per minute, allowing more Oxygenated blood around the body.

Question 11

Describe what happens to glycogen stored in the muscles during exercise

Answer 11

The glycogen is converted back into glucose which can be used for respiration

Question 12

Where does aerobic respiration occur?

Answer 12

The mitochondria

Question 13

Where does anaerobic respiration occur in animals?

Answer 13

The cytoplasm (AQA markscheme says mitochondria)

Question 14

What is metabolism?

Answer 14

The total number of chemical reactions in a cell or body

Question 15

Give examples of metabolic reactions in plants involving glucose

Answer 15

• Glucose being converted to starch for long term
  storage
• Glucose being converted into cellulose to strengthen
  the cell wall
• Glucose reacting with nitrate ions to synthesise proteins
• Glucose is converted to fats and oils for storage energy
• Glucose used to form cellulose cell wall

Question 16

Give examples of metabolic reactions in humans

Answer 16

• Glucose converted into glycogen for long term storage
• 1 glycerol molecule with 3 fatty acid molecules to form a
  lipid (found in the cell membrane)
• Excess proteins being broken down into Urea, which is
  then secreted by the kidneys
• Respiration

Question 17

What is oxygen debt?

Answer 17

The amount of oxygen required after exercise to fully oxidise the lactic acid buildup and convert it back into glucose

Question 18

Explain why the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air inside of a greenhouse would increase
between midnight and dawn

Answer 18

• Not much light for photosynthesis
• So plants respire more to provide energy

Rate of respiration>Rate of photosynthesis