B7 Non-communicable diseases Flashcards
What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody?
Antigen is found on the surface of pathogens and other cells whereas antibodies are released by lymphocytes (white blood cells) and bind to antigens
What is a zone of inhibition?
The area where no bacteria grow
Disease
Any condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body and mind
Health
A state of physical and mental well-being
What is the difference between communicable and non-communicable diseases?
Communicable are spread by pathogens, non-communicable cannot be passed onto others
Benign tumors
- A growth of abnormal cells normally contained in one place (usually within a membrane)
- Do not spread to other parts of the body (not cancerous)
- Can usually be easily removed
- May cause pressure or damage to organs e.g. brain tumor
Malignant tumors
- A growth of abnormal cells that is not contained in one place
- Can spread to other parts of the body and form secondary tumors (cancerous)
- Can be very difficult to remove/treat
- Disrupts normal functioning of cells/tissues which can result in death
Tumor
A mass of cells growing abnormally (uncontrollable growth)
Chemotherapy
Where chemicals are used to kill cancer cells or stop them dividing
Radiotherapy
Where radiation is used to stop cell division in cancer cells
Why is the use of monoclonal antibodies helpful in the treatment of cancer?
Targets cancer cells only without damaging normal body cells
Give the definition for correlation
A link or relationship between two factors
Give the definition of casual link/mechanism
Explains how one factor influences another through a biological process
Examples of non-communicable diseases
- Stroke
- Lung cancer
- Diabetes
- Coronary heart disease
What are carcinogens?
Cancer-causing substances
