b7 Flashcards
what is an habitat
is an environment which organisms an live
what is an habits for elephants
grass land
what is an population
is the total number of all organisms of one species in a habitat
what does the Africa grass land contain
zebra giraffes gazelles and insets and plants like fungi and bacteria
what is community
is all the population of different species in a habitat
what dose biotic mean
living
what dose abiotic mean
no living
what do scientists mean by biotic
all the living things in an environment
what do scientists mean by abiotic
all the non- living things in an environment
what do abiotic contain
the amount of water and minerals in the soil
what is an ecosystem
is both biotic and abiotic parts in the environment and how there interact
what is the problem for living organism to get there food from other organisms
the resources are often In short supply
where do living organism get there materials from
water
where do zebras get there materials from
from plants that there eat but there resources and short in supply
what do living organism have to do to not run out of short supply
compete with each other
what do plants compete from
light and space and water and also mineral ions
what do animals compete form
with each other for food and water for mating partners and territory
what do all the different species in a community do
depend on each other
what do scientist call it when all the different species in a community depend on each other
scientist call this internependance
what do every animal depend on
they depend on other living organisms for food
what do other animals get there food
by eating plants
what can plants Also depend on
animals for example plants depend on Bees to spread their pollen
what can plants also depend on
animals
what do scientist call it when
the communities population of different species remain fairly constant
a stable community
what is in balance in a stable community
the population of organisms our in balance with each other ad the about resources eg water
what are the 4 different biotic factors
food
New predators
Competition between species
New pathogens
What happens if the available of food falls
The number of organisms will also fall in that community
What can new predator affect
Existing factors for example if they competing for the same pray
How can competition between species affect biotic factor
If a species is outcompeted than the population can fall so much that numbers are no longer sufficient to breed and there species may become extinct
How is new pathogen an abiotic factor
If an infectious disease emerges and spreads it can wipe out a population of a species
What are the 7 abiotic factors
Light intensity temp food available predators new pathogens water
What can light intensity have a major effect on
Plants as all plants need light to carry out photosynthesis
What happened if the light intensity is low
Then the rate of photosynthesis will fall and plants will grow more slowly
what happens if a change in temp
animals can migrate
what is adapted to reduce water loss form plants
them going in sand dunes
how are camels adapted
for hot and ry places
long eyelashes for sand
have hump to store fat proves heat loss reduce water loss from sweating
thick coat from the sun
wide feet from sinking into there sand
how are artic fox adapted
thick fur fir insulating
small ears reduces surface ares of the fox reducing heat
camoflough to hint prey
what is it called when some organisms are adapted to live in very extreme conditions
extremophiles
what can you find living In the vents of extreme conditions
extremophiles
what do every food chain start with
a producer a green grass
what is called when you eat the producers
primary consumers
what is a predator
consumers that kills and eat other animals
what is the animal that is being eaten called
the prey
Can some food chains have tertiary consumer
Yes it eats the secondary consumer
What happened to the numbers of predators and prey
They rise and fall in cycles
What is it called when scientists determine the number of organisms in an area
A technique called sampling
What is random sampling
Is used to compare the number of organisms in different areas
What do we use for random sampling
A quadratic
What is a quadrant
It’s a wooden or plastic square
What do we do to count number of organisms in a random sample
We place the quadrant on the ground and count the number of organisms that is there it could be useful to sample plants or slow moving animals
Where is the quadrant placed around the area
Random place
What happens if you place the quadrant once
It wound give use an sample that accurately the whole area
What’s the equation of population size in random sampling
What is sampling alone a transects
If an number of species change as we move across an habitat
How do we measure the amount of species with sampling along a transect
We place the transect so it runs across the habitat that we’re look at then we use a quadrant to count the number of organisms we do this to the number of organisms change across a habitat move a constant distance 2 m
What is an transect
A long tape measure
step of sampling organisms
we place to 2 tape measures at right angles 20m in length then we need 2 bags each bag contain the number 1-29 3 people in group first student removes a number fro the bag the number is 8m (imagine) then they move to the 8m point second elects an umber from there bag and move up the number 1m eexample the third student place the quadrant on the graph and use up the 8m and 12m and count the number of daisies now return there numbers back into the bag and repeat this process 9 times
what happens if there’s a much higher or a much lower number of daises then the average
then we should increase the number of quadrat throw to cover a great percentage of the area
why would we see a grater number of daisies if we mover further down from the tree
because there will not be any light intensity plants need light for photolysis will also absorb binaries
what’s the inly way that carbon.can enter the carbon cycle
through photosysiis
what dose the arrow mean in the carbon cycle
turning into
what dose biodiversity mean
the variety of all different species of organism on the earth
what do decomposer do
break down the remain of dead organisms
what dose a high level of biodiversity mean
that there are lots off different species which makes an ecosystem more stable
what do lots of different species mean
that the ecosystem is less dependant on one species so if the population falls it is less likely to affect the whole ecosystem
why are humans having a negative affect of biodiversity
because of deforestation
describe what the area of land is being destoryed to provide land used for human biodiversity
the land is used for rice fields or for gazing cattle the land is used to grow crops and the. used for bi rules
what is the side affect of the population increasing
humans are using more of the earths resoucces
h=how can waste lead to the population of air and land
water population produce swage grain fecies swage released in river streams toxic chemical releases in can kill animals os reducing biodiversity in aquatic ecosystem burning create acid rain waste can plate the land millions of waste in the land dumping lawful can destroy animals and habitats all reducing biodiversity
what are peast
contain large amount of dead materials condition in the peat decays very slow
what do peat land or bogs contain a lot of
trapped carbon dioxide they begin destroyed
what do people do to peats in other country’s
they burn it to release energy and to genarte electricity
how are peats reducing biodiversity
by reducing the area of the habitat reducing the variety of animals plants and microganisums
what is the affect on peats
once they been extracted and used for compost it begins to decay relate large amounts of carbon dioxide as we burn the peat it release carbon dioxide as well the contributes to climate change
what human actives affect global warming
burning fossil fuels carbon dioxide into the atmosphere coil and oil mathne in the atmosphere has increased its buy paddy fields and cows all are green house gasses
what are green house gasses
they trap heat in the atmosphere
scientific papers have been published on global warming
there been check by other sienctic before being published which is called peer vein
what dose peer view help to detect
false claims and make sure that research published in scientific journals is valid
do people in the newspapers subjective on peer review
they are not subjective which means reporting on global warming can be oversimplelfied or inaccurate
why do rise in temp affect insects
mosquitoes will come everywhere rather than Africa because everywhere will become hot
why do rise in temp affect animals
animals like paper bears raita will melt and then them beacon extended
how do we maintain biodiversity
recycling waste landfills
governments has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the at sphere also reduce deforestation petting reparation for habitat
How do field margins and hedgrows in algriclture help increase biodiversity
They provide extra habitats and food sources so that a wider range of species can survive.
How can the government encourage businesses (including farmers) to reduce damage to biodiversity
Setting quotas or limits on harmful practices (such as quotes for deforestation)
Set laws prohibiting or requiring certain things
