B7

Question 1

Name some causes of cancer:

Answer 1

-Genetic factors
-Mutations in genes caused by carcinogens
-Exposure to ionising radiation
-Viruses

Question 2

What complications can be caused by smoking?

Answer 2

-Breathlessness caused by CO poisoning
-Build-up of mucus due to damaged cilia- can lead to infection
-Tar can lead to bronchitis- inflames bronchi
-Tar can damage alveoli causing COPD
-Can cause cancers of the respiratory system
-Damage to blood vessels and increased heart rate leads to cardiovascular disease

Question 3

Name two ways in which regular exercise can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease:

Answer 3

-Lowers blood cholesterol levels reducing risk of fatty deposits
-Improves the blood supply to the heart so it is more efficient

Question 4

Why does alcohol abuse damage the liver?

Answer 4

The liver breaks down alcohol, so can become damaged due to overuse, leading to complications such as cirrhosis and cancer

Question 5

What complications can occur as a result of smoking during pregnancy?

Answer 5

The baby receives less oxygen, which could lead to premature births, low birth weight or stillbirths

Question 6

What happens to cells when a tumour forms?

Answer 6

They divide rapidly and uncontrollably.